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E: enquiry@qilumetal.com
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Grade: AISI 1060
Equivalent Steel: GB 60#, JIS S58C, EN C60/1.0601, BS 080A62
AISI 1060 high-carbon steel is defined by a precisely balanced chemical composition designed to achieve high strength and wear resistance. With a carbon content of 0.55-0.65% , it provides the essential hardness for load-bearing applications after heat treatment. Manganese (0.60-0.90% ) acts as a crucial strengthening agent and improves the steel's hardenability during quenching. While AISI 1060 typically has no specified minimum for silicon, chromium, or molybdenum, its composition ensures consistent through-hardening properties, making it distinct from lower-carbon grades.
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1060
Qilu
AISI 1060 (equivalent to DIN C60/1.0601, Chinese 60#, JIS S58C, BS 080A62) is a high-carbon structural steel engineered for superior strength, wear resistance and heat treatment adaptability. With a precisely controlled carbon content of 0.57-0.65%, this steel strikes an optimal balance between hardness and machinability—making it the go-to material for industrial components that demand heavy load tolerance and abrasive resistance.
Supplied in untreated, normalized or custom heat-treated conditions, AISI 1060 delivers moderate toughness in its as-received state; after quenching and tempering (QT), its mechanical properties are drastically enhanced, with hardness reaching a common range of HRC 28-32 (and up to HRC 58-63 with precision heat treatment). This versatility has made it a staple in machinery manufacturing, automotive engineering, tooling and construction industries worldwide.
Unlike low/mid-carbon steels, AISI 1060’s high carbon content eliminates premature failure risks in high-stress applications, while strict impurity control (P/S ≤ 0.045%) ensures structural stability and consistent performance across all product forms.
Country | USA | Europe | China | British | Japan |
Standard | ASTM A20 | EN10083-2 | GB/T 699 | BS970 | JIS G4051 |
Grade | 1060 | C60/1.0601 | 60# | 080A62 | S58C |
The table below details the chemical composition of AISI 1060 and its international equivalent grades, with strict limits on harmful impurities to guarantee material quality:
Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni |
1060 | 0.55-0.65 | / | 0.60-0.90 | 0.040Max | 0.050Max | / | / | / |
C60/1.0601 | 0.57-0.65 | 0.40Max | 0.60-0.90 | 0.045Max | 0.045Max | 0.40Max | 0.10Max | 0.40Max |
60# | 0.57-0.65 | 0.17-0.37 | 0.50-0.80 | 0.035Max | 0.035Max | 0.25Max | / | 0.30Max |
S58C | 0.55-0.61 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.60-0.90 | 0.030Max | 0.035Max | 0.20Max | / | / |
Note: All grades are free of intentional alloying elements, classifying them as plain carbon steels for cost-effective high-performance applications.
QT treatment unlocks AISI 1060’s full potential, with performance varying by cross-section size (thinner sections achieve higher strength):
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value At RT/J |
d≤16 t≤8 | 850-1000Mpa | 580Mpa Min | 11% Min | 25% Min | / |
16＜d≤40 8＜t≤20 | 800-950Mpa | 520Mpa Min | 13% Min | 30%Min | / |
40＜d≤100 20＜t≤60 | 750-900Mpa | 450Mpa Min | 14% Min | 35%Min | / |
Normalized AISI 1060 is ideal for preliminary machining and low-to-medium stress applications, with improved ductility:
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value At RT/J |
d≤16 t≤16 | 710Mpa | 380Mpa Min | 10% Min | / | / |
16＜d≤100 16＜t≤100 | 670Mpa | 340Mpa Min | 11% Min | / | / |
100＜d≤250 100＜t≤250 | 650Mpa | 310Mpa Min | 11% Min | / | / |
In the normalized and normalized and tempered conditions
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | |
L | Tr | |||
d≤100 | 670Mpa Min | 340Mpa Min | 11% Min | / |
100＜d≤250 | 650Mpa Min | 310Mpa Min | 11% Min | 8% Min |
250＜d≤500 | 630Mpa Min | 275Mpa Min | 11% Min | 8% Min |
500＜d≤1000 | 620Mpa Min | 260Mpa Min | 10% Min | 7% Min |
In the quenched and tempered conditions
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | |
L | Tr | |||
d≤70 | 750Mpa Min | 450Mpa Min | 14% Min | / |
70＜d≤160 | 690Mpa Min | 390Mpa Min | 15% Min | 10% Min |
160＜d≤330 | 670Mpa Min | 350Mpa Min | 14% Min | 9% Min |
Remark: L= Longitudinal Tr = Transverse
Density: 7.85 g/cm³
Thermal Expansion Coefficient: 11.6×10⁻⁶/°C (20-100℃)
Thermal Conductivity: 48 W/(m·K)
Resistivity: 0.21 μΩ·m
Hardness (As-Received): ≤255HB; Annealed: ≤229HB
Heat Treatment | Hardness |
Flame or Induction hardening | 55-62HRC |
Treated to improve shearability (+S) | HB255Max |
Soft annealed (+A) | HB241Max |
Quenched and tempred (+QT) | HRC28-32(Common Range) |
Where the steel is ordered by using the symbols for normal (+H) or restricted (+HL, +HH) hardenability requirements, the hardenability values should apply below:
Distance in mm from quenched end | |||||||||||||||||
Distance | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | |
Hardness In HRC + H | max | 67 | 66 | 65 | 63 | 62 | 59 | 54 | 47 | 39 | 37 | 36 | 35 | 34 | 33 | 31 | 30 |
min | 60 | 57 | 50 | 39 | 35 | 33 | 32 | 31 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 23 | 21 | |
Hardness In HRC + HH | +HH5 | / | / | / | / | 44-62 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
+HH15 | 62-67 | / | / | / | 44-62 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Hardness In HRC + HL | +HL5 | / | / | / | / | 35-53 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
+HL15 | 60-65 | / | / | / | 35-53 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Scatter bands for the Rockwell - C hardness in the end quench hardenability test.
C60 (AISI 1060) steel ingots shall be heated in a furnace to a temperature range of 900–1100 °C prior to forging.
Forging operations must be performed at temperatures not lower than 850 °C to ensure proper formability and avoid internal cracking.
After forging is completed, the forged parts are cooled slowly in sand to reduce thermal stress and improve structural uniformity.
Heat the C60 steel to 680–710 °C in a furnace
Hold at this temperature for sufficient soaking time
Cool slowly in the furnace
Heat the C60 steel to 820–860 °C in a furnace
Hold at this temperature for uniform austenitization
Cool freely in air
Heat the C60 steel to 800–840 °C
Hold at temperature for adequate soaking
Quench in water or oil
Temper the quenched parts at 550–660 °C
Remove from the furnace and cool in air
Remark:The above parameters are for reference only. Generally, the lower temperature range is suitable for water quenching, while the upper temperature range is recommended for oil quenching.
We offer AISI 1060/C60 in a full range of product forms, with strict dimensional tolerance control for precision applications (ground finish tolerance ±0.05mm):
Product type | Size range | Length |
Cold drawn bar | Φ3-Φ80mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot rolled bar | Φ16-Φ310mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot forged bar | Φ100-Φ1200mm | 3000-5800mm |
Hot rolled plate/sheet | T:3-200mm; W:1500-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot Forged block | T: 80-800mm; W: 100-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Surface Finish | Turned | Milled | Grinding(Best) | Polished(Best) | Peeled(Best) | Black Forged | Black Rolled |
Tolerance | +0/+3mm | +0/+3mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.1mm | +0/+5mm | +0/+1mm |
Straighness | 1mm/1000mm max. | 3mm/1000mm max. | |||||
For C60 steel bar, we don’t have stocks for hot rolled and hot forged bar. For hot rolled bar, the minimum of quantity per order is 400tons. For hot forged bar, the minimum of quantity is one bar.
C60 (AISI 1060) high‑carbon steel shows poor weldability.
For carbon steels, weldability is strongly dependent on carbon content: weldability starts to deteriorate significantly when carbon content exceeds 0.25%.
Since C60 steel has a carbon content of approximately 0.57–0.65%, direct welding is not recommended.
If welding is unavoidable, preheating, proper filler material selection, and post‑weld heat treatment are required to minimize the risk of cracking and hardening in the heat‑affected zone.
AISI 1060/C60 is engineered for high-stress, wear-intensive applications across multiple industries, leveraging its post-heat treatment hardness and strength:
Machinery Manufacturing: High-stress springs (automotive suspensions/industrial equipment), stamping dies, cutting tools, drill bits and precision fasteners.
Automotive Engineering: Transmission gears, drive shafts, clutch plates and brake components—resisting wear under heavy load and frequent operation.
Construction: High-strength structural parts for bridges, cranes and building frameworks, withstanding long-term static/dynamic loads.
Bearings & Wear Parts: High-load bearings, wear plates, liners and pin shafts for industrial machinery and mining equipment.
Hand Tools & Gauges: Files, chisels, block gauges and measuring instruments—ensuring dimensional stability and long service life.
Customers often compare AISI 1060 with mid/high-carbon steels like AISI 1050—below is a clear performance and application comparison to guide material selection:
| Aspect | AISI 1060 (C60) | AISI 1050 (Mid-Carbon) | Low-Carbon Steel (1018) |
| Carbon Content | 0.55-0.65% (High) | 0.48-0.55% (Mid) | 0.15-0.20% (Low) |
| Core Strength | High (750-1000MPa QT) | Moderate (≥630MPa) | Low (≤400MPa) |
| Wear Resistance | Excellent (HRC 28-63) | Good (HRC 20-45) | Poor (no heat treat hardenability) |
| Machinability | Moderate (requires sharp tools) | Good | Excellent |
| Heat Treat Response | Exceptional (QT critical for performance) | Moderate | Negligible |
| Primary Applications | Wear/load parts: gears, springs, dies | General machinery: shafts, pins | Structural parts: brackets, frames |
| Cost-to-Performance | High (low cost, high performance) | Medium | Low (basic strength only) |
Core Takeaway: AISI 1060 is the optimal choice when wear resistance and high strength are required; AISI 1050 is better for general machinery with moderate stress, while 1018 is for low-stress structural parts.
A1: They are essentially the same material with regional standard designations: AISI 1060 is the American standard grade, while C60/1.0601 is the German DIN standard grade. The only minor differences are in trace element limits (e.g., C60 allows small amounts of Cr/Ni/Mo), but their core performance and applications are identical.
A2: The key difference is hardenability and achievable strength. With 0.57-0.65% carbon, AISI 1060 can be heat-treated to a significantly higher hardness and tensile strength than medium-carbon steels like 1045. This makes 1060 the better choice for parts where wear resistance and high strength under load are critical, though it may be slightly less tough than lower-carbon grades in the same condition.
A3: AISI 1060 supports full heat treatment:
Annealing: 760-780℃, furnace cooling—reduces hardness to ≤200HB for easy machining.
Normalizing: 850-880℃, air cooling—improves tissue uniformity for pre-QT preparation.
Quenching & Tempering: 790-810℃ quenching (water/oil), 150-500℃ tempering—adjust hardness/toughness for specific applications.
Note: Water quenching achieves higher hardness but higher deformation risk; oil quenching is recommended for large parts.
A4: No. AISI 1060 is a plain carbon steel with no corrosion-resistant alloying elements (Cr/Ni). It is suitable for dry/indoor applications only; for corrosive environments, use stainless steel or carbon steel with anti-corrosion coating (e.g., galvanizing, painting).
A5: With precision low-temperature tempering (150-200℃) after quenching, AISI 1060 can reach HRC 58-63—ideal for cutting tools and stamping dies. For structural parts (gears/shafts), mid-temperature tempering (250-350℃) is recommended for HRC 55-58 (balance of hardness and toughness).
Contact Us: For price inquiries, custom specifications or technical support, please contact our professional sales team.
AISI 1060 (equivalent to DIN C60/1.0601, Chinese 60#, JIS S58C, BS 080A62) is a high-carbon structural steel engineered for superior strength, wear resistance and heat treatment adaptability. With a precisely controlled carbon content of 0.57-0.65%, this steel strikes an optimal balance between hardness and machinability—making it the go-to material for industrial components that demand heavy load tolerance and abrasive resistance.
Supplied in untreated, normalized or custom heat-treated conditions, AISI 1060 delivers moderate toughness in its as-received state; after quenching and tempering (QT), its mechanical properties are drastically enhanced, with hardness reaching a common range of HRC 28-32 (and up to HRC 58-63 with precision heat treatment). This versatility has made it a staple in machinery manufacturing, automotive engineering, tooling and construction industries worldwide.
Unlike low/mid-carbon steels, AISI 1060’s high carbon content eliminates premature failure risks in high-stress applications, while strict impurity control (P/S ≤ 0.045%) ensures structural stability and consistent performance across all product forms.
Country | USA | Europe | China | British | Japan |
Standard | ASTM A20 | EN10083-2 | GB/T 699 | BS970 | JIS G4051 |
Grade | 1060 | C60/1.0601 | 60# | 080A62 | S58C |
The table below details the chemical composition of AISI 1060 and its international equivalent grades, with strict limits on harmful impurities to guarantee material quality:
Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni |
1060 | 0.55-0.65 | / | 0.60-0.90 | 0.040Max | 0.050Max | / | / | / |
C60/1.0601 | 0.57-0.65 | 0.40Max | 0.60-0.90 | 0.045Max | 0.045Max | 0.40Max | 0.10Max | 0.40Max |
60# | 0.57-0.65 | 0.17-0.37 | 0.50-0.80 | 0.035Max | 0.035Max | 0.25Max | / | 0.30Max |
S58C | 0.55-0.61 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.60-0.90 | 0.030Max | 0.035Max | 0.20Max | / | / |
Note: All grades are free of intentional alloying elements, classifying them as plain carbon steels for cost-effective high-performance applications.
QT treatment unlocks AISI 1060’s full potential, with performance varying by cross-section size (thinner sections achieve higher strength):
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value At RT/J |
d≤16 t≤8 | 850-1000Mpa | 580Mpa Min | 11% Min | 25% Min | / |
16＜d≤40 8＜t≤20 | 800-950Mpa | 520Mpa Min | 13% Min | 30%Min | / |
40＜d≤100 20＜t≤60 | 750-900Mpa | 450Mpa Min | 14% Min | 35%Min | / |
Normalized AISI 1060 is ideal for preliminary machining and low-to-medium stress applications, with improved ductility:
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value At RT/J |
d≤16 t≤16 | 710Mpa | 380Mpa Min | 10% Min | / | / |
16＜d≤100 16＜t≤100 | 670Mpa | 340Mpa Min | 11% Min | / | / |
100＜d≤250 100＜t≤250 | 650Mpa | 310Mpa Min | 11% Min | / | / |
In the normalized and normalized and tempered conditions
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | |
L | Tr | |||
d≤100 | 670Mpa Min | 340Mpa Min | 11% Min | / |
100＜d≤250 | 650Mpa Min | 310Mpa Min | 11% Min | 8% Min |
250＜d≤500 | 630Mpa Min | 275Mpa Min | 11% Min | 8% Min |
500＜d≤1000 | 620Mpa Min | 260Mpa Min | 10% Min | 7% Min |
In the quenched and tempered conditions
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | |
L | Tr | |||
d≤70 | 750Mpa Min | 450Mpa Min | 14% Min | / |
70＜d≤160 | 690Mpa Min | 390Mpa Min | 15% Min | 10% Min |
160＜d≤330 | 670Mpa Min | 350Mpa Min | 14% Min | 9% Min |
Remark: L= Longitudinal Tr = Transverse
Density: 7.85 g/cm³
Thermal Expansion Coefficient: 11.6×10⁻⁶/°C (20-100℃)
Thermal Conductivity: 48 W/(m·K)
Resistivity: 0.21 μΩ·m
Hardness (As-Received): ≤255HB; Annealed: ≤229HB
Heat Treatment | Hardness |
Flame or Induction hardening | 55-62HRC |
Treated to improve shearability (+S) | HB255Max |
Soft annealed (+A) | HB241Max |
Quenched and tempred (+QT) | HRC28-32(Common Range) |
Where the steel is ordered by using the symbols for normal (+H) or restricted (+HL, +HH) hardenability requirements, the hardenability values should apply below:
Distance in mm from quenched end | |||||||||||||||||
Distance | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | |
Hardness In HRC + H | max | 67 | 66 | 65 | 63 | 62 | 59 | 54 | 47 | 39 | 37 | 36 | 35 | 34 | 33 | 31 | 30 |
min | 60 | 57 | 50 | 39 | 35 | 33 | 32 | 31 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 23 | 21 | |
Hardness In HRC + HH | +HH5 | / | / | / | / | 44-62 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
+HH15 | 62-67 | / | / | / | 44-62 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Hardness In HRC + HL | +HL5 | / | / | / | / | 35-53 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
+HL15 | 60-65 | / | / | / | 35-53 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Scatter bands for the Rockwell - C hardness in the end quench hardenability test.
C60 (AISI 1060) steel ingots shall be heated in a furnace to a temperature range of 900–1100 °C prior to forging.
Forging operations must be performed at temperatures not lower than 850 °C to ensure proper formability and avoid internal cracking.
After forging is completed, the forged parts are cooled slowly in sand to reduce thermal stress and improve structural uniformity.
Heat the C60 steel to 680–710 °C in a furnace
Hold at this temperature for sufficient soaking time
Cool slowly in the furnace
Heat the C60 steel to 820–860 °C in a furnace
Hold at this temperature for uniform austenitization
Cool freely in air
Heat the C60 steel to 800–840 °C
Hold at temperature for adequate soaking
Quench in water or oil
Temper the quenched parts at 550–660 °C
Remove from the furnace and cool in air
Remark:The above parameters are for reference only. Generally, the lower temperature range is suitable for water quenching, while the upper temperature range is recommended for oil quenching.
We offer AISI 1060/C60 in a full range of product forms, with strict dimensional tolerance control for precision applications (ground finish tolerance ±0.05mm):
Product type | Size range | Length |
Cold drawn bar | Φ3-Φ80mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot rolled bar | Φ16-Φ310mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot forged bar | Φ100-Φ1200mm | 3000-5800mm |
Hot rolled plate/sheet | T:3-200mm; W:1500-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot Forged block | T: 80-800mm; W: 100-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Surface Finish | Turned | Milled | Grinding(Best) | Polished(Best) | Peeled(Best) | Black Forged | Black Rolled |
Tolerance | +0/+3mm | +0/+3mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.1mm | +0/+5mm | +0/+1mm |
Straighness | 1mm/1000mm max. | 3mm/1000mm max. | |||||
For C60 steel bar, we don’t have stocks for hot rolled and hot forged bar. For hot rolled bar, the minimum of quantity per order is 400tons. For hot forged bar, the minimum of quantity is one bar.
C60 (AISI 1060) high‑carbon steel shows poor weldability.
For carbon steels, weldability is strongly dependent on carbon content: weldability starts to deteriorate significantly when carbon content exceeds 0.25%.
Since C60 steel has a carbon content of approximately 0.57–0.65%, direct welding is not recommended.
If welding is unavoidable, preheating, proper filler material selection, and post‑weld heat treatment are required to minimize the risk of cracking and hardening in the heat‑affected zone.
AISI 1060/C60 is engineered for high-stress, wear-intensive applications across multiple industries, leveraging its post-heat treatment hardness and strength:
Machinery Manufacturing: High-stress springs (automotive suspensions/industrial equipment), stamping dies, cutting tools, drill bits and precision fasteners.
Automotive Engineering: Transmission gears, drive shafts, clutch plates and brake components—resisting wear under heavy load and frequent operation.
Construction: High-strength structural parts for bridges, cranes and building frameworks, withstanding long-term static/dynamic loads.
Bearings & Wear Parts: High-load bearings, wear plates, liners and pin shafts for industrial machinery and mining equipment.
Hand Tools & Gauges: Files, chisels, block gauges and measuring instruments—ensuring dimensional stability and long service life.
Customers often compare AISI 1060 with mid/high-carbon steels like AISI 1050—below is a clear performance and application comparison to guide material selection:
| Aspect | AISI 1060 (C60) | AISI 1050 (Mid-Carbon) | Low-Carbon Steel (1018) |
| Carbon Content | 0.55-0.65% (High) | 0.48-0.55% (Mid) | 0.15-0.20% (Low) |
| Core Strength | High (750-1000MPa QT) | Moderate (≥630MPa) | Low (≤400MPa) |
| Wear Resistance | Excellent (HRC 28-63) | Good (HRC 20-45) | Poor (no heat treat hardenability) |
| Machinability | Moderate (requires sharp tools) | Good | Excellent |
| Heat Treat Response | Exceptional (QT critical for performance) | Moderate | Negligible |
| Primary Applications | Wear/load parts: gears, springs, dies | General machinery: shafts, pins | Structural parts: brackets, frames |
| Cost-to-Performance | High (low cost, high performance) | Medium | Low (basic strength only) |
Core Takeaway: AISI 1060 is the optimal choice when wear resistance and high strength are required; AISI 1050 is better for general machinery with moderate stress, while 1018 is for low-stress structural parts.
A1: They are essentially the same material with regional standard designations: AISI 1060 is the American standard grade, while C60/1.0601 is the German DIN standard grade. The only minor differences are in trace element limits (e.g., C60 allows small amounts of Cr/Ni/Mo), but their core performance and applications are identical.
A2: The key difference is hardenability and achievable strength. With 0.57-0.65% carbon, AISI 1060 can be heat-treated to a significantly higher hardness and tensile strength than medium-carbon steels like 1045. This makes 1060 the better choice for parts where wear resistance and high strength under load are critical, though it may be slightly less tough than lower-carbon grades in the same condition.
A3: AISI 1060 supports full heat treatment:
Annealing: 760-780℃, furnace cooling—reduces hardness to ≤200HB for easy machining.
Normalizing: 850-880℃, air cooling—improves tissue uniformity for pre-QT preparation.
Quenching & Tempering: 790-810℃ quenching (water/oil), 150-500℃ tempering—adjust hardness/toughness for specific applications.
Note: Water quenching achieves higher hardness but higher deformation risk; oil quenching is recommended for large parts.
A4: No. AISI 1060 is a plain carbon steel with no corrosion-resistant alloying elements (Cr/Ni). It is suitable for dry/indoor applications only; for corrosive environments, use stainless steel or carbon steel with anti-corrosion coating (e.g., galvanizing, painting).
A5: With precision low-temperature tempering (150-200℃) after quenching, AISI 1060 can reach HRC 58-63—ideal for cutting tools and stamping dies. For structural parts (gears/shafts), mid-temperature tempering (250-350℃) is recommended for HRC 55-58 (balance of hardness and toughness).
Contact Us: For price inquiries, custom specifications or technical support, please contact our professional sales team.
