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E: enquiry@qilumetal.com
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Grade: AISI 410
Equivalent Steel: EN X12Cr13/1.4006, GB 12Cr13/1Cr13, JIS SUS410, GOST 12X13
AISI 410 is a fundamental martensitic stainless steel defined by its specific chemical balance, primarily alloyed with 11.50% to 13.50% chromium, which provides the essential corrosion resistance and hardenability characteristic of this grade. The carbon content is carefully controlled within a range of 0.08% to 0.15% to achieve high strength and hardness through heat treatment while maintaining adequate toughness. To optimize performance and fabricability, the levels of key elements are strictly limited, with manganese and silicon capped at 1.0% to assist in deoxidation during melting, and phosphorus and sulfur restricted to a maximum of 0.040% and 0.030% respectively to ensure good weldability and reduce the risk of brittleness.
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410
Qilu
AISI 410 is a premium martensitic stainless steel renowned for its exceptional heat treatability, high mechanical strength, and cost-effectiveness. As a core member of the 400-series stainless steels, it is alloyed with 11.50-13.50% chromium, delivering moderate corrosion resistance and outstanding wear resistance—making it a go-to material for industries where strength and durability are non-negotiable. This grade is standardized across the globe, with equivalent designations including ENX12Cr13/1.4006 (Europe), JIS SUS410 (Japan), GB/T 1220 12Cr13/1Cr13 (China), and GOST 5632-76 12X13 (Russia), ensuring universal compatibility in international manufacturing projects.
Excellent Heat Treatability: Precise thermal processing can adjust its hardness and toughness flexibly, achieving surface hardness up to HBW 220 after quenching and tempering, meeting the requirements of high-wear components.
Cost-Effective Performance: Balances mechanical properties and procurement costs, more affordable than austenitic stainless steels such as 304/316, with higher strength than ordinary carbon steel.
Versatile Formability: Available in hot-rolled bars, forged bars, plates, and blocks with strict dimensional tolerances, suitable for various processing methods such as cutting, forging, and welding (with post-weld treatment).
Stable High-Temperature Performance: Maintains structural stability in oxidizing environments up to 600℃, with excellent oxidation resistance, ideal for high-temperature components such as exhaust systems.
Moderate Corrosion Resistance: Resists oxidation and mild corrosive media (e.g., weak acids, steam, dry air), suitable for dry or mildly humid industrial environments.
Country | USA | EN | China | Japan | Russia |
Standard | ASTM A276/276M | EN10088-3 | GB/T1220 | JIS G4303 | GOST 5632-76 |
Grade | 410 | X12Cr13/1.4006 | 12Cr13/1Cr13 | SUS410 | 12X13 |
The carefully calibrated chemical composition of AISI 410 and its international equivalents ensures optimal mechanical and corrosion resistance properties. Low carbon content reduces brittleness, while controlled sulfur and phosphorus levels improve weldability. High chromium content is the core of its corrosion and oxidation resistance.
Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni |
410 | 0.08-0.15 | 1.00Max | 1.00Max | 0.040Max | 0.030Max | 11.50-13.50 | / |
X12Cr13/1.4006 | 0.06-0.15 | 1.00Max | 1.50Max | 0.040Max | 0.030Max | 11.50-13.50 | 0.75Max |
12Cr13 | 0.08-0.15 | 1.00Max | 1.00Max | 0.040Max | 0.030Max | 11.50-13.50 | 0.60Max |
SUS410 | 0.15Max | 1.00Max | 1.00Max | 0.040Max | 0.030Max | 11.50-13.50 | / |
12X13 | 0.09-0.15 | 0.80Max | 0.80Max | 0.030Max | 0.025Max | 12.00-14.00 | / |
AISI 410 exhibits superior mechanical strength, especially after heat treatment, with significant differences in performance across international standards based on processing conditions. Its high tensile and yield strength makes it suitable for high-stress structural components, while good elongation ensures a certain degree of formability.
Mechanical properties for 12Cr13/1Cr13 from standard GB/T1220 and SUS410 from JIS G4303.
Grade | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value at RT/J | Hardness |
12Cr13 | 540Mpa Min | 345Mpa Min | 22% Min | 55% Min | 78J Min | HBW159Max |
SUS410 | 540Mpa Min | 345Mpa Min | 25% Min | 55% Min | 98J Min | HBW159Max |
Tensile Strength: 650-850 MPa
Yield Strength (Min): 450 MPa
Elongation (Min): 15%
Impact Value (RT, Min): 25 J
Mechanical properties for X12Cr13/1.4006 from standard EN10088-3.
Steel grade | Size range | HT condition | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Impact value at RT/J | Hardness /HBW | ||
L | Tr | L | Tr | ||||||
X12Cr13/1.4006 | A | 730Mpa Max | / | / | / | / | / | 220Max | |
d≤160 | QT 650 | 650-850Mpa | 450Mpa Min | 15% Min | / | 25J Min | / | / | |
A=Annealed; QT=Quenched and tempered
Minimum values for the 0.2% proof strength of martensitic steels at elevated temperatures according to standard EN10088-3.
Steel garde | HT condition | Minimum 0.2% proof strength at a temperature of: | ||||||
100℃ | 150℃ | 200℃ | 250℃ | 300℃ | 350℃ | 400℃ | ||
X12Cr13/1.4006 | QT 650 | Mpa or N/mm2 | ||||||
420 | 410 | 400 | 385 | 365 | 335 | 305 | ||
QT = quenched and tempered
AISI 410 has excellent responsiveness to thermal processing, and different heat treatment methods can be selected according to actual application requirements to adjust its performance, which is a key advantage distinguishing it from non-heat-treatable stainless steels such as 304:
Annealing: Heat to 800-900℃ and cool slowly, or heat to 750℃ and cool quickly.
Purpose: Reduce hardness, improve machinability, eliminate internal stress generated during processing, and lay the foundation for subsequent processing.
Quenching & Tempering: First heat to 950-1000℃ and cool with oil, then temper at 700-750℃ and cool quickly.
Purpose: Achieve the best balance of hardness (up to HBW 220) and toughness, significantly improve wear resistance and tensile strength, suitable for finished components such as cutting tools and pump shafts.
We provide AISI 410 in various forms to meet the diverse needs of industrial manufacturing, with strict dimensional control and multiple surface finishes. The stock is sufficient, and customized sizes can be supported according to customer requirements:
Product type | Size range | Length |
Hot rolled bar | Φ10-Φ130mm | 5000-7000mm |
Hot forged bar | Φ140-Φ600mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot rolled plate/sheet | T:2-60mm; W:310-810mm | 6000-12000mm |
Hot forged plate | T:70-250mm; W:310-810mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot Forged block | T: 260-500mm; W: 300-1000mm | 2000-5800mm |
Surface Finish | Turned | Milled | Grinding(Best) | Polished(Best) | Peeled(Best) | Black Forged | Black Rolled |
Tolerance | +0/+3mm | +0/+3mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.1mm | +0/+5mm | +0/+1mm |
Straighness | 1mm/1000mm max. | 3mm/1000mm max. | |||||
Hot Rolled Bar: Φ10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 22, 25, 28, 30, 32, 35, 38, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190mm
Hot Forged Bar: Φ200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 300, 310, 320, 330, 340, 350, 360, 370, 380, 390, 400mm
AISI 410 is widely used in multiple industries due to its comprehensive performance, and is especially suitable for components requiring high strength, wear resistance, and moderate corrosion resistance. Its high-temperature performance also makes it an ideal choice for high-temperature working conditions:
Table knives, surgical blades, razor blades, industrial cutting tools, mold cores and cavities—benefit from high hardness and wear resistance after heat treatment, and maintain sharpness under repeated use.
Pump shafts, valve spools, bolts/nuts, turbine blades, bearing collars, automotive exhaust system parts—withstand high mechanical stress and rotational force, and resist high-temperature oxidation in exhaust systems.
Oil drilling drill bits, bushings, pipeline valves, flanges, pipe fittings—adapt to weakly corrosive oilfield and chemical environments, and endure harsh working conditions such as abrasion and impact.
Mining machinery wear plates, crushing machine parts, gears, transmission shafts—resist abrasion from rocks and debris, and maintain structural stability under high load.
Dishwasher linings, food processing machine fasteners, surgical instrument brackets—meet the hygiene requirements of food and medical industries, and resist mild corrosion from cleaning agents.
Customers often compare AISI 410 with 304, 420, 430 and other grades when selecting materials. The following is a detailed comparison of core performance and application differences to help you make the most suitable material selection:
| Aspect | AISI 410 | 304 Stainless Steel |
| Steel Type | Martensitic (magnetic) | Austenitic (non-magnetic, slightly magnetic after cold working) |
| Heat Treatability | Excellent (hardenable) | None (cannot be hardened by heat treatment) |
| Strength | Higher (tensile strength up to 850MPa after QT) | Lower (tensile strength ~515MPa) |
| Corrosion Resistance | Moderate (dry/mildly humid environments) | Excellent (resists salt spray, weak acids, marine environments) |
| Cost | Lower (no nickel added) | Higher (contains 8-10.5% nickel) |
| Core Application | High-strength, wear-resistant components | Corrosion-resistant structural parts, kitchenware, pipeline |
| Aspect | AISI 410 | 420 Stainless Steel |
| Carbon Content | Low (0.08-0.15%) | High (0.15-0.40%) |
| Hardness | Moderate (HBW ≤220 after QT) | Higher (can reach HRC 50+ after heat treatment) |
| Toughness | Better (not easy to brittle) | Lower (brittle, easy to crack under impact) |
| Corrosion Resistance | Slightly better | Slightly lower |
| Machinability | Better | Poor (high hardness) |
| Core Application | Structural parts, general cutting tools | High-hardness cutting tools, knife blades, mold parts |
| Aspect | AISI 410 | 430 Stainless Steel |
| Steel Type | Martensitic | Ferritic |
| Heat Treatability | Excellent | Poor (only annealing available) |
| Strength | Higher | Lower |
| Formability | Moderate | Better (suitable for deep drawing) |
| Weldability | Moderate (need post-weld annealing) | Poor (easy to crack after welding) |
| Core Application | High-stress mechanical parts | Decoration, household appliances, low-stress structural parts |
A1: Yes, AISI 410 is a martensitic stainless steel with a body-centered cubic crystal structure, which is permanently magnetic and can be distinguished from non-magnetic austenitic steels such as 304 by a magnet.
A2: AISI 410 only has moderate corrosion resistance and is not recommended for marine environments (high salt spray), strong acid/alkali chemical processing environments, and long-term immersion in water. It will rust in these environments due to chloride ion and strong corrosive medium erosion.
A3: It is suitable for cutting, forging, turning, milling, grinding and other conventional processing methods. Annealed AISI 410 has better machinability; after quenching and tempering, the hardness increases, and high-hardness cutting tools are required for processing.
A4: Choose AISI 410 when the project prioritizes high strength, wear resistance and cost control, and the use environment is dry or mildly humid (e.g., mechanical structural parts, cutting tools). Choose 304 when corrosion resistance is the core requirement (e.g., marine, chemical, kitchenware).
A5: The core components (chromium content 11.5-13.5%) and performance are basically the same, and they can be used interchangeably in most scenarios. The slight differences in chemical composition (e.g., carbon content range) are due to different national standard specifications, and there is no significant impact on actual use.
A6: Yes, in the annealed state, AISI 410 meets the food contact material standards and can be used for food processing machine fasteners, brackets and other non-direct contact parts. For direct food contact parts (e.g., kitchenware), 304 is recommended for better corrosion resistance.
Contact Us: If you have any questions about AISI 410 stainless steel material selection, specifications, heat treatment or customized production, please contact our professional sales team. We will provide you with tailored solutions and detailed quotation according to your actual application requirements!
AISI 410 is a premium martensitic stainless steel renowned for its exceptional heat treatability, high mechanical strength, and cost-effectiveness. As a core member of the 400-series stainless steels, it is alloyed with 11.50-13.50% chromium, delivering moderate corrosion resistance and outstanding wear resistance—making it a go-to material for industries where strength and durability are non-negotiable. This grade is standardized across the globe, with equivalent designations including ENX12Cr13/1.4006 (Europe), JIS SUS410 (Japan), GB/T 1220 12Cr13/1Cr13 (China), and GOST 5632-76 12X13 (Russia), ensuring universal compatibility in international manufacturing projects.
Excellent Heat Treatability: Precise thermal processing can adjust its hardness and toughness flexibly, achieving surface hardness up to HBW 220 after quenching and tempering, meeting the requirements of high-wear components.
Cost-Effective Performance: Balances mechanical properties and procurement costs, more affordable than austenitic stainless steels such as 304/316, with higher strength than ordinary carbon steel.
Versatile Formability: Available in hot-rolled bars, forged bars, plates, and blocks with strict dimensional tolerances, suitable for various processing methods such as cutting, forging, and welding (with post-weld treatment).
Stable High-Temperature Performance: Maintains structural stability in oxidizing environments up to 600℃, with excellent oxidation resistance, ideal for high-temperature components such as exhaust systems.
Moderate Corrosion Resistance: Resists oxidation and mild corrosive media (e.g., weak acids, steam, dry air), suitable for dry or mildly humid industrial environments.
Country | USA | EN | China | Japan | Russia |
Standard | ASTM A276/276M | EN10088-3 | GB/T1220 | JIS G4303 | GOST 5632-76 |
Grade | 410 | X12Cr13/1.4006 | 12Cr13/1Cr13 | SUS410 | 12X13 |
The carefully calibrated chemical composition of AISI 410 and its international equivalents ensures optimal mechanical and corrosion resistance properties. Low carbon content reduces brittleness, while controlled sulfur and phosphorus levels improve weldability. High chromium content is the core of its corrosion and oxidation resistance.
Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni |
410 | 0.08-0.15 | 1.00Max | 1.00Max | 0.040Max | 0.030Max | 11.50-13.50 | / |
X12Cr13/1.4006 | 0.06-0.15 | 1.00Max | 1.50Max | 0.040Max | 0.030Max | 11.50-13.50 | 0.75Max |
12Cr13 | 0.08-0.15 | 1.00Max | 1.00Max | 0.040Max | 0.030Max | 11.50-13.50 | 0.60Max |
SUS410 | 0.15Max | 1.00Max | 1.00Max | 0.040Max | 0.030Max | 11.50-13.50 | / |
12X13 | 0.09-0.15 | 0.80Max | 0.80Max | 0.030Max | 0.025Max | 12.00-14.00 | / |
AISI 410 exhibits superior mechanical strength, especially after heat treatment, with significant differences in performance across international standards based on processing conditions. Its high tensile and yield strength makes it suitable for high-stress structural components, while good elongation ensures a certain degree of formability.
Mechanical properties for 12Cr13/1Cr13 from standard GB/T1220 and SUS410 from JIS G4303.
Grade | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value at RT/J | Hardness |
12Cr13 | 540Mpa Min | 345Mpa Min | 22% Min | 55% Min | 78J Min | HBW159Max |
SUS410 | 540Mpa Min | 345Mpa Min | 25% Min | 55% Min | 98J Min | HBW159Max |
Tensile Strength: 650-850 MPa
Yield Strength (Min): 450 MPa
Elongation (Min): 15%
Impact Value (RT, Min): 25 J
Mechanical properties for X12Cr13/1.4006 from standard EN10088-3.
Steel grade | Size range | HT condition | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Impact value at RT/J | Hardness /HBW | ||
L | Tr | L | Tr | ||||||
X12Cr13/1.4006 | A | 730Mpa Max | / | / | / | / | / | 220Max | |
d≤160 | QT 650 | 650-850Mpa | 450Mpa Min | 15% Min | / | 25J Min | / | / | |
A=Annealed; QT=Quenched and tempered
Minimum values for the 0.2% proof strength of martensitic steels at elevated temperatures according to standard EN10088-3.
Steel garde | HT condition | Minimum 0.2% proof strength at a temperature of: | ||||||
100℃ | 150℃ | 200℃ | 250℃ | 300℃ | 350℃ | 400℃ | ||
X12Cr13/1.4006 | QT 650 | Mpa or N/mm2 | ||||||
420 | 410 | 400 | 385 | 365 | 335 | 305 | ||
QT = quenched and tempered
AISI 410 has excellent responsiveness to thermal processing, and different heat treatment methods can be selected according to actual application requirements to adjust its performance, which is a key advantage distinguishing it from non-heat-treatable stainless steels such as 304:
Annealing: Heat to 800-900℃ and cool slowly, or heat to 750℃ and cool quickly.
Purpose: Reduce hardness, improve machinability, eliminate internal stress generated during processing, and lay the foundation for subsequent processing.
Quenching & Tempering: First heat to 950-1000℃ and cool with oil, then temper at 700-750℃ and cool quickly.
Purpose: Achieve the best balance of hardness (up to HBW 220) and toughness, significantly improve wear resistance and tensile strength, suitable for finished components such as cutting tools and pump shafts.
We provide AISI 410 in various forms to meet the diverse needs of industrial manufacturing, with strict dimensional control and multiple surface finishes. The stock is sufficient, and customized sizes can be supported according to customer requirements:
Product type | Size range | Length |
Hot rolled bar | Φ10-Φ130mm | 5000-7000mm |
Hot forged bar | Φ140-Φ600mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot rolled plate/sheet | T:2-60mm; W:310-810mm | 6000-12000mm |
Hot forged plate | T:70-250mm; W:310-810mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot Forged block | T: 260-500mm; W: 300-1000mm | 2000-5800mm |
Surface Finish | Turned | Milled | Grinding(Best) | Polished(Best) | Peeled(Best) | Black Forged | Black Rolled |
Tolerance | +0/+3mm | +0/+3mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.1mm | +0/+5mm | +0/+1mm |
Straighness | 1mm/1000mm max. | 3mm/1000mm max. | |||||
Hot Rolled Bar: Φ10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 22, 25, 28, 30, 32, 35, 38, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190mm
Hot Forged Bar: Φ200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 300, 310, 320, 330, 340, 350, 360, 370, 380, 390, 400mm
AISI 410 is widely used in multiple industries due to its comprehensive performance, and is especially suitable for components requiring high strength, wear resistance, and moderate corrosion resistance. Its high-temperature performance also makes it an ideal choice for high-temperature working conditions:
Table knives, surgical blades, razor blades, industrial cutting tools, mold cores and cavities—benefit from high hardness and wear resistance after heat treatment, and maintain sharpness under repeated use.
Pump shafts, valve spools, bolts/nuts, turbine blades, bearing collars, automotive exhaust system parts—withstand high mechanical stress and rotational force, and resist high-temperature oxidation in exhaust systems.
Oil drilling drill bits, bushings, pipeline valves, flanges, pipe fittings—adapt to weakly corrosive oilfield and chemical environments, and endure harsh working conditions such as abrasion and impact.
Mining machinery wear plates, crushing machine parts, gears, transmission shafts—resist abrasion from rocks and debris, and maintain structural stability under high load.
Dishwasher linings, food processing machine fasteners, surgical instrument brackets—meet the hygiene requirements of food and medical industries, and resist mild corrosion from cleaning agents.
Customers often compare AISI 410 with 304, 420, 430 and other grades when selecting materials. The following is a detailed comparison of core performance and application differences to help you make the most suitable material selection:
| Aspect | AISI 410 | 304 Stainless Steel |
| Steel Type | Martensitic (magnetic) | Austenitic (non-magnetic, slightly magnetic after cold working) |
| Heat Treatability | Excellent (hardenable) | None (cannot be hardened by heat treatment) |
| Strength | Higher (tensile strength up to 850MPa after QT) | Lower (tensile strength ~515MPa) |
| Corrosion Resistance | Moderate (dry/mildly humid environments) | Excellent (resists salt spray, weak acids, marine environments) |
| Cost | Lower (no nickel added) | Higher (contains 8-10.5% nickel) |
| Core Application | High-strength, wear-resistant components | Corrosion-resistant structural parts, kitchenware, pipeline |
| Aspect | AISI 410 | 420 Stainless Steel |
| Carbon Content | Low (0.08-0.15%) | High (0.15-0.40%) |
| Hardness | Moderate (HBW ≤220 after QT) | Higher (can reach HRC 50+ after heat treatment) |
| Toughness | Better (not easy to brittle) | Lower (brittle, easy to crack under impact) |
| Corrosion Resistance | Slightly better | Slightly lower |
| Machinability | Better | Poor (high hardness) |
| Core Application | Structural parts, general cutting tools | High-hardness cutting tools, knife blades, mold parts |
| Aspect | AISI 410 | 430 Stainless Steel |
| Steel Type | Martensitic | Ferritic |
| Heat Treatability | Excellent | Poor (only annealing available) |
| Strength | Higher | Lower |
| Formability | Moderate | Better (suitable for deep drawing) |
| Weldability | Moderate (need post-weld annealing) | Poor (easy to crack after welding) |
| Core Application | High-stress mechanical parts | Decoration, household appliances, low-stress structural parts |
A1: Yes, AISI 410 is a martensitic stainless steel with a body-centered cubic crystal structure, which is permanently magnetic and can be distinguished from non-magnetic austenitic steels such as 304 by a magnet.
A2: AISI 410 only has moderate corrosion resistance and is not recommended for marine environments (high salt spray), strong acid/alkali chemical processing environments, and long-term immersion in water. It will rust in these environments due to chloride ion and strong corrosive medium erosion.
A3: It is suitable for cutting, forging, turning, milling, grinding and other conventional processing methods. Annealed AISI 410 has better machinability; after quenching and tempering, the hardness increases, and high-hardness cutting tools are required for processing.
A4: Choose AISI 410 when the project prioritizes high strength, wear resistance and cost control, and the use environment is dry or mildly humid (e.g., mechanical structural parts, cutting tools). Choose 304 when corrosion resistance is the core requirement (e.g., marine, chemical, kitchenware).
A5: The core components (chromium content 11.5-13.5%) and performance are basically the same, and they can be used interchangeably in most scenarios. The slight differences in chemical composition (e.g., carbon content range) are due to different national standard specifications, and there is no significant impact on actual use.
A6: Yes, in the annealed state, AISI 410 meets the food contact material standards and can be used for food processing machine fasteners, brackets and other non-direct contact parts. For direct food contact parts (e.g., kitchenware), 304 is recommended for better corrosion resistance.
Contact Us: If you have any questions about AISI 410 stainless steel material selection, specifications, heat treatment or customized production, please contact our professional sales team. We will provide you with tailored solutions and detailed quotation according to your actual application requirements!
