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E: enquiry@qilumetal.com
E: enquiry@qilumetal.com
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431 stainless steel is a type of martensitic stainless steel, known for its high strength, good corrosion resistance, and excellent mechanical properties. Due to its combination of hardness, wear resistance, and moderate corrosion resistance, it is widely used in applications requiring durability and toughness. You can find equivalent grades in different steel standards, such as X17CrNi16-2/1.4057 from the European standard EN 10088-3, 17Cr16Ni2 from the Chinese standard GB/T 1220, SUS431 from the Japanese standard JIS G4303, and 20X17H2 from the Russian standard GOST 5632-76.
1: Steel equivalent
Country | USA | EN | China | Japan | Russia |
Standard | ASTM A276/276M | EN10088-3 | GB/T1220 | JIS G4303 | GOST 5632-76 |
Grade | 431 | X17CrNi16-2/1.4057 | 17Cr16Ni2 | SUS431 | 20X17H2 |
2: Chemical composition
Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni |
431 | 0.20Max | 1.0Max | 1.0Max | 0.040Max | 0.030Max | 15-17 | 1.25-2.50 |
X17CrNi16-2/1.4057 | 0.12-0.22 | 1.0Max | 1.5Max | 0.040Max | 0.030Max | 15-17 | 1.50-2.50 |
17Cr16Ni2 | 0.12-0.22 | 1.0Max | 1.5Max | 0.040Max | 0.030Max | 15-17 | 1.50-2.50 |
SUS431 | 0.20Max | 1.0Max | 1.0Max | 0.040Max | 0.030Max | 15-17 | 1.25-2.50 |
20X17H2 | 0.17-0.25 | 0.8Max | 0.8Max | 0.035Max | 0.025Max | 16-18 | 1.50-2.50 |
3: Mechanical properties
Mechanical properties for 17Cr16Ni2 from standard GB/T1220 and SUS431 from JIS G4303.
Grade | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value at RT/J | Hardness |
17Cr16Ni2 | 900-1050Mpa | 700Mpa Min | 12% Min | 45% Min | 25J Min | HBW295Max (Annealing) |
800-950Mpa | 600Mpa Min | 14% Min | 45% Min | 25J Min | ||
SUS431 | 780Mpa Min | 590Mpa Min | 15% Min | 40% Min | 39J Min | HBW229Max |
Mechanical properties for X17CrNi16-2/1.4057 from standard EN10088-3.
Steel grade | Size range | HT condition | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Impact value at RT/J | Hardness /HBW | ||
L | Tr | L | Tr | ||||||
X17CrNi16-2/1.4057 | A | 950Mpa Max | / | / | / | / | / | 295Max | |
d≤60 | QT 800 | 800-950Mpa | 600Mpa Min | 14% Min | / | 25J Min | / | / | |
60＜d≤160 | 12% Min | / | 20J Min | / | / | ||||
d≤60 | QT 900 | 900-1050Mpa | 700 Mpa Min | 12% Min | / | 20J Min | / | / | |
60＜d≤160 | 10% Min | / | 15J Min | / | / | ||||
A=Annealed; QT=Quenched and tempered
Minimum values for the 0.2% proof strength of martensitic steels at elevated temperatures according to standard EN10088-3.
Steel garde | HT condition | Minimum 0.2% proof strength at a temperature of: | ||||||
100℃ | 150℃ | 200℃ | 250℃ | 300℃ | 350℃ | 400℃ | ||
X17CrNi16-2/1.4057 | QT 800 | Mpa or N/mm2 | ||||||
515 | 495 | 475 | 460 | 440 | 405 | 355 | ||
Minimum 0.2% proof strength at a temperature of: | ||||||||
QT 900 | 100℃ | 150℃ | 200℃ | 250℃ | 300℃ | 350℃ | 400℃ | |
Mpa or N/mm2 | ||||||||
565 | 525 | 505 | 490 | 470 | 430 | 375 | ||
QT = quenched and tempered
4: Supply size & Tolerance & Stock size
Product type | Size range | Length |
Hot rolled bar | Φ10-Φ130mm | 5000-7000mm |
Hot forged bar | Φ140-Φ600mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot rolled plate/sheet | T:2-60mm; W:310-810mm | 6000-12000mm |
Hot forged plate | T:70-250mm; W:310-810mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot Forged block | T: 260-500mm; W: 300-1000mm | 2000-5800mm |
Surface Finish | Turned | Milled | Grinding(Best) | Polished(Best) | Peeled(Best) | Black Forged | Black Rolled |
Tolerance | +0/+3mm | +0/+3mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.1mm | +0/+5mm | +0/+1mm |
Straighness | 1mm/1000mm max. | 3mm/1000mm max. | |||||
Qilu steel stock hot rolled bar and forged bars more than ten thousands tons every month, below our our stock size.
1): Stock diameter for hot rolled bar
10 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 25 | 28 | 30 | 32 | 35 | 38 | 40 | 45 | 50 |
55 | 60 | 65 | 70 | 75 | 80 | 85 | 90 | 95 | 100 | 105 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 |
150 | 160 | 170 | 180 | 190 |
2) : Stock diameter for hot forged bar
200 | 210 | 220 | 230 | 240 | 250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 |
300 | 310 | 320 | 330 | 340 | 350 | 360 | 370 | 380 | 390 |
400 |
Since the stocks change everyday, if you want to know our stock available information, please contact our salesman.
5: Ultrasonic Test
EN10228-3 class III or Sep 1921-84 D/D
6：Steel making & Forging processing
1): Steel making process:
EF+LF+VD
EAF+LF+VD
EF+LF+VD+ESR
EAF+LF+VD+ESR
2): Forging processing:
Hot forging temperature: 800-1100℃
Slow cooling
7: Heat treatment
Annealed:
Heat 431 steel to 680-800℃
Cooling in the furnace or in the air
Quenching and tempering:
Heat 431 steel to 950-1050℃
Cooling in the oil / air
Temper steel at 600-650℃, cooling in the air
Or temper steel at 750-800℃/650-700℃, cooling in the air
8：Application
431 stainless steel is a martensitic stainless steel with high strength, hardness, corrosion resistance and good machinability. The following are its main application areas:
1). Automotive industry: used for engine parts (valves, connecting rods), transmission system parts, turbocharger components.
2). Petroleum and chemical equipment: for valves, pump shafts, pipe fittings, reactor components.
3). Medical equipment: for surgical instruments (such as scissors, tweezers), orthopedic implants temporary fixation parts.
4). Energy and power: for gas turbine blades, nuclear power equipment fasteners, boiler parts.
5). Industrial machinery: for bearings, gears, molds, hydraulic machine parts.
6). Food processing: for cutting tools, mixer shafts, container parts.
7). Ship and Marine Engineering: for propeller shafts, seawater pump parts, deck fasteners.
8). Building & Structure: for high strength bolts, bridge support parts, decorative structures.
431 stainless steel is a type of martensitic stainless steel, known for its high strength, good corrosion resistance, and excellent mechanical properties. Due to its combination of hardness, wear resistance, and moderate corrosion resistance, it is widely used in applications requiring durability and toughness. You can find equivalent grades in different steel standards, such as X17CrNi16-2/1.4057 from the European standard EN 10088-3, 17Cr16Ni2 from the Chinese standard GB/T 1220, SUS431 from the Japanese standard JIS G4303, and 20X17H2 from the Russian standard GOST 5632-76.
1: Steel equivalent
Country | USA | EN | China | Japan | Russia |
Standard | ASTM A276/276M | EN10088-3 | GB/T1220 | JIS G4303 | GOST 5632-76 |
Grade | 431 | X17CrNi16-2/1.4057 | 17Cr16Ni2 | SUS431 | 20X17H2 |
2: Chemical composition
Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni |
431 | 0.20Max | 1.0Max | 1.0Max | 0.040Max | 0.030Max | 15-17 | 1.25-2.50 |
X17CrNi16-2/1.4057 | 0.12-0.22 | 1.0Max | 1.5Max | 0.040Max | 0.030Max | 15-17 | 1.50-2.50 |
17Cr16Ni2 | 0.12-0.22 | 1.0Max | 1.5Max | 0.040Max | 0.030Max | 15-17 | 1.50-2.50 |
SUS431 | 0.20Max | 1.0Max | 1.0Max | 0.040Max | 0.030Max | 15-17 | 1.25-2.50 |
20X17H2 | 0.17-0.25 | 0.8Max | 0.8Max | 0.035Max | 0.025Max | 16-18 | 1.50-2.50 |
3: Mechanical properties
Mechanical properties for 17Cr16Ni2 from standard GB/T1220 and SUS431 from JIS G4303.
Grade | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value at RT/J | Hardness |
17Cr16Ni2 | 900-1050Mpa | 700Mpa Min | 12% Min | 45% Min | 25J Min | HBW295Max (Annealing) |
800-950Mpa | 600Mpa Min | 14% Min | 45% Min | 25J Min | ||
SUS431 | 780Mpa Min | 590Mpa Min | 15% Min | 40% Min | 39J Min | HBW229Max |
Mechanical properties for X17CrNi16-2/1.4057 from standard EN10088-3.
Steel grade | Size range | HT condition | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Impact value at RT/J | Hardness /HBW | ||
L | Tr | L | Tr | ||||||
X17CrNi16-2/1.4057 | A | 950Mpa Max | / | / | / | / | / | 295Max | |
d≤60 | QT 800 | 800-950Mpa | 600Mpa Min | 14% Min | / | 25J Min | / | / | |
60＜d≤160 | 12% Min | / | 20J Min | / | / | ||||
d≤60 | QT 900 | 900-1050Mpa | 700 Mpa Min | 12% Min | / | 20J Min | / | / | |
60＜d≤160 | 10% Min | / | 15J Min | / | / | ||||
A=Annealed; QT=Quenched and tempered
Minimum values for the 0.2% proof strength of martensitic steels at elevated temperatures according to standard EN10088-3.
Steel garde | HT condition | Minimum 0.2% proof strength at a temperature of: | ||||||
100℃ | 150℃ | 200℃ | 250℃ | 300℃ | 350℃ | 400℃ | ||
X17CrNi16-2/1.4057 | QT 800 | Mpa or N/mm2 | ||||||
515 | 495 | 475 | 460 | 440 | 405 | 355 | ||
Minimum 0.2% proof strength at a temperature of: | ||||||||
QT 900 | 100℃ | 150℃ | 200℃ | 250℃ | 300℃ | 350℃ | 400℃ | |
Mpa or N/mm2 | ||||||||
565 | 525 | 505 | 490 | 470 | 430 | 375 | ||
QT = quenched and tempered
4: Supply size & Tolerance & Stock size
Product type | Size range | Length |
Hot rolled bar | Φ10-Φ130mm | 5000-7000mm |
Hot forged bar | Φ140-Φ600mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot rolled plate/sheet | T:2-60mm; W:310-810mm | 6000-12000mm |
Hot forged plate | T:70-250mm; W:310-810mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot Forged block | T: 260-500mm; W: 300-1000mm | 2000-5800mm |
Surface Finish | Turned | Milled | Grinding(Best) | Polished(Best) | Peeled(Best) | Black Forged | Black Rolled |
Tolerance | +0/+3mm | +0/+3mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.1mm | +0/+5mm | +0/+1mm |
Straighness | 1mm/1000mm max. | 3mm/1000mm max. | |||||
Qilu steel stock hot rolled bar and forged bars more than ten thousands tons every month, below our our stock size.
1): Stock diameter for hot rolled bar
10 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 25 | 28 | 30 | 32 | 35 | 38 | 40 | 45 | 50 |
55 | 60 | 65 | 70 | 75 | 80 | 85 | 90 | 95 | 100 | 105 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 |
150 | 160 | 170 | 180 | 190 |
2) : Stock diameter for hot forged bar
200 | 210 | 220 | 230 | 240 | 250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 |
300 | 310 | 320 | 330 | 340 | 350 | 360 | 370 | 380 | 390 |
400 |
Since the stocks change everyday, if you want to know our stock available information, please contact our salesman.
5: Ultrasonic Test
EN10228-3 class III or Sep 1921-84 D/D
6：Steel making & Forging processing
1): Steel making process:
EF+LF+VD
EAF+LF+VD
EF+LF+VD+ESR
EAF+LF+VD+ESR
2): Forging processing:
Hot forging temperature: 800-1100℃
Slow cooling
7: Heat treatment
Annealed:
Heat 431 steel to 680-800℃
Cooling in the furnace or in the air
Quenching and tempering:
Heat 431 steel to 950-1050℃
Cooling in the oil / air
Temper steel at 600-650℃, cooling in the air
Or temper steel at 750-800℃/650-700℃, cooling in the air
8：Application
431 stainless steel is a martensitic stainless steel with high strength, hardness, corrosion resistance and good machinability. The following are its main application areas:
1). Automotive industry: used for engine parts (valves, connecting rods), transmission system parts, turbocharger components.
2). Petroleum and chemical equipment: for valves, pump shafts, pipe fittings, reactor components.
3). Medical equipment: for surgical instruments (such as scissors, tweezers), orthopedic implants temporary fixation parts.
4). Energy and power: for gas turbine blades, nuclear power equipment fasteners, boiler parts.
5). Industrial machinery: for bearings, gears, molds, hydraulic machine parts.
6). Food processing: for cutting tools, mixer shafts, container parts.
7). Ship and Marine Engineering: for propeller shafts, seawater pump parts, deck fasteners.
8). Building & Structure: for high strength bolts, bridge support parts, decorative structures.
