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E: enquiry@qilumetal.com
E: enquiry@qilumetal.com
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36CrNiMo4 / 1.6511 is a high-strength alloy steel that belongs to the European standard EN 10083-3 and EN 10250-3. It is widely used in various industries, including heavy machinery, automotive, aerospace, and energy sectors, due to its excellent mechanical properties. You can find its equivalent steel grades in different country standards, such as ASTM 4340 from the American standard ASTM A29/A29M, SNCM439/SNCM8 from the Japanese standard JIS G4105, 40CrNi2MoA from the Chinese standard GB/T 3077, and 817M40/EN 24 from the British standard BS 970.
36CrNiMo4 is part of the Cr-Ni-Mo steel series, with a carbon content ranging from 0.32% to 0.40%. After undergoing quenching and tempering (QT) heat treatment, it achieves exceptional comprehensive mechanical properties, including high tensile strength, excellent toughness, and good fatigue resistance. This makes it particularly suitable for applications requiring high load-bearing capacity and durability, such as gears, shafts, and other critical components in heavy-duty machinery. It is also known as a high-grade quenched and tempered steel.
1: Steel equivalent
Country | USA | Europe | China | British | Japan |
Standard | ASTM A29 | EN10083-3 | GB/T3077 | BS970 | JIS G4105 |
Grade | 4340 | 36CrNiMo4/1.6511 | 40CrNi2MoA | 817M40/EN24 | SNCM439 |
2: Chemical composition
Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni |
4340 | 0.38-0.43 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.60-0.80 | 0.035Max | 0.040Max | 0.7-0.9 | 0.20-0.30 | 1.65-2.00 |
36CrNiMo4/1.6511 | 0.32-0.40 | 0.4Max | 0.50-0.80 | 0.035Max | 0.035Max | 0.9-1.2 | 0.15-0.30 | 0.90-1.20 |
40CrNi2MoA | 0.38-0.43 | 0.17-0.37 | 0.60-0.80 | 0.030Max | 0.030Max | 0.7-0.9 | 0.20-0.30 | 1.65-2.00 |
EN24 | 0.35-0.45 | 0.10-0.35 | 0.45-0.70 | 0.050Max | 0.050Max | 0.9-1.4 | 0.20-0.35 | 1.30-1.80 |
SNCM439 | 0.36-0.43 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.60-0.90 | 0.030Max | 0.030Max | 0.6-1.0 | 0.15-0.30 | 1.60-2.00 |
3: Mechanical properties .
Mechanical properties for 36CrNiMo4 open die forgings steel according to EN10250-3
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Impact value at RT/J | ||
L | Tr | L | Tr | |||
d≤160 | 750Mpa Min | 550Mpa Min | 14% Min | 10% Min | 45J Min | 22J Min |
160＜d≤330 | 700Mpa Min | 500Mpa Min | 15% Min | 11% Min | 45J Min | 22J Min |
330＜d≤660 | 650Mpa Min | 450Mpa Min | 16% Min | 12% Min | 40J Min | 20J Min |
Remark: L= Longitudinal Tr = Transverse
Sampling and preparation of test pieces for steel forging.
1: According to EN10250-1, all samples shall be taken at a distance of 4/T below the heat treated surface (with a minimum of 20mm and a maximum of 80mm), and t/2 from the end (where t is the equivalent thickness of the thickness of the ruling section of the forging at the time of heat treatment.
2: As stipulated in the contract between buyer and seller.
4: Surface hardness and hardenability.
Heat Treatment | Hardness |
Flame or Induction hardening | 54-62HRC |
Treated to improve shearability (+S) | HB250Max |
Soft annealed (+A) | HB217Max |
Quenched and tempred (+QT) | HRC28-32(Common Range) |
Where the steel is ordered by using the symbols for normal (+H) or restricted (+HL, +HH) hardenability requirements, the hardenability values should apply below:
Distance in mm from quenched end | ||||||||||||||||
Distance | 1.5 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | |
Hardness In HRC + H | max | 59 | 59 | 58 | 58 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 56 | 55 | 54 | 53 | 52 | 51 | 50 | 49 |
min | 51 | 50 | 49 | 49 | 48 | 47 | 46 | 45 | 43 | 41 | 39 | 38 | 36 | 34 | 33 | |
Hardness In HRC + HH | max | 59 | 59 | 58 | 58 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 56 | 55 | 54 | 53 | 52 | 51 | 50 | 49 |
min | 54 | 53 | 52 | 52 | 51 | 50 | 50 | 49 | 47 | 45 | 44 | 43 | 41 | 39 | 38 | |
Hardness In HRC + HL | max | 56 | 56 | 55 | 55 | 54 | 54 | 53 | 52 | 51 | 50 | 48 | 47 | 46 | 45 | 44 |
min | 51 | 50 | 49 | 49 | 48 | 47 | 46 | 45 | 43 | 41 | 39 | 38 | 36 | 34 | 33 | |
Scatter bands for the Rockwell - C hardness in the end quench hardenability test.
5: Supply size & Tolerance & Stock size
Product type | Size range | Length |
Hot rolled bar | Φ16-Φ310mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot forged bar | Φ100-Φ1200mm | 3000-5800mm |
Hot rolled plate/sheet | T:3-200mm; W:1500-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot Forged block | T: 80-800mm; W: 100-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Surface Finish | Turned | Milled | Grinding(Best) | Polished(Best) | Peeled(Best) | Black Forged | Black Rolled |
Tolerance | +0/+3mm | +0/+3mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.1mm | +0/+5mm | +0/+1mm |
Straighness | 1mm/1000mm max. | 3mm/1000mm max. | |||||
Qilu steel stock hot rolled bar and forged bars more than ten thousands tons every month, below our our stock size.
1): Stock diameter for hot rolled bar
18 | 20 | 22 | 25 | 28 | 30 | 32 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | 55 | 57 | 60 | 65 |
70 | 75 | 80 | 85 | 90 | 95 | 100 | 105 | 110 | 115 | 120 | 125 | 130 | 135 | 140 |
150 | 160 | 170 | 180 | 190 | 200 | 210 | 220 | 230 | 240 |
Since the stocks change everyday, if you want to know our stock available information, please contact our salesman.
6：Forging processing
Put the 36CrNiMo4 ingot into the furnace and heat to 1150-1200℃
Forge the ingot, forging temperature should be not less than 850-900℃
Cooling in the furnace or in the sand after forged
7: Heat treatment
Soft annealed:
Heat 36CrNiMo4 steel to 650-700℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Cooling in the furnace
Normalized:
Heat 36CrNiMo4 steel to 850-880℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Cooling in the air
Quenching and tempering:
Heat 36CrNiMo4 steel to 820-860℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Quench in water or oil
Temper steel at 540-680℃ in the furnace
Take out of 36CrNiMo4 steel from furnace and cool in the air.
Remark: The conditions given above are for guidance, at the temperatures at the lower end of the range are generally applicable to hardening in water and those at the upper end for hardening in oil.
8: Weldability
36CrNiMo4 steel has relatively poor weldability. For steel materials, weldability is strongly related to the carbon content. When the carbon content exceeds 0.25%, the weldability begins to deteriorate. The carbon content of 36CrNiMo4 is around 0.32-0.40%, which is significantly higher than 0.25%, resulting in reduced weldability. Therefore, the weldability of 36CrNiMo4 is not good. To achieve successful welding, preheating (200-300°C), post-weld heat treatment (e.g., tempering at 600-650°C), and the use of low-hydrogen welding materials are typically required to minimize the risk of cracking and ensure joint integrity.
9：Application
36CrNiMo4 steel is a kind of high strength alloy steel, which is widely used in the following fields.
1): Machinery manufacturing: for key components such as gears, drive shafts and crankshafts in heavy machinery. It is suitable for high-strength connecting parts such as connecting rods and bolts that are subject to high loads and impacts.
2): Aerospace: landing gear and engine components
3): Automotive industry: used in the manufacture of automotive transmission gears, drive shafts and chassis components.
4): Energy industry: for main shafts and gearbox components in wind turbines. Also for drilling equipment and downhole tools.
5): Mold Manufacturing: Used in the manufacture of molds that require high strength and wear resistance, such as stamping dies and forging dies.
6): Heavy construction machinery: such as excavators, cranes and other equipment in the high-stress components.
7): Shipbuilding: for ship propulsion systems and structural components.
36CrNiMo4 / 1.6511 is a high-strength alloy steel that belongs to the European standard EN 10083-3 and EN 10250-3. It is widely used in various industries, including heavy machinery, automotive, aerospace, and energy sectors, due to its excellent mechanical properties. You can find its equivalent steel grades in different country standards, such as ASTM 4340 from the American standard ASTM A29/A29M, SNCM439/SNCM8 from the Japanese standard JIS G4105, 40CrNi2MoA from the Chinese standard GB/T 3077, and 817M40/EN 24 from the British standard BS 970.
36CrNiMo4 is part of the Cr-Ni-Mo steel series, with a carbon content ranging from 0.32% to 0.40%. After undergoing quenching and tempering (QT) heat treatment, it achieves exceptional comprehensive mechanical properties, including high tensile strength, excellent toughness, and good fatigue resistance. This makes it particularly suitable for applications requiring high load-bearing capacity and durability, such as gears, shafts, and other critical components in heavy-duty machinery. It is also known as a high-grade quenched and tempered steel.
1: Steel equivalent
Country | USA | Europe | China | British | Japan |
Standard | ASTM A29 | EN10083-3 | GB/T3077 | BS970 | JIS G4105 |
Grade | 4340 | 36CrNiMo4/1.6511 | 40CrNi2MoA | 817M40/EN24 | SNCM439 |
2: Chemical composition
Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni |
4340 | 0.38-0.43 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.60-0.80 | 0.035Max | 0.040Max | 0.7-0.9 | 0.20-0.30 | 1.65-2.00 |
36CrNiMo4/1.6511 | 0.32-0.40 | 0.4Max | 0.50-0.80 | 0.035Max | 0.035Max | 0.9-1.2 | 0.15-0.30 | 0.90-1.20 |
40CrNi2MoA | 0.38-0.43 | 0.17-0.37 | 0.60-0.80 | 0.030Max | 0.030Max | 0.7-0.9 | 0.20-0.30 | 1.65-2.00 |
EN24 | 0.35-0.45 | 0.10-0.35 | 0.45-0.70 | 0.050Max | 0.050Max | 0.9-1.4 | 0.20-0.35 | 1.30-1.80 |
SNCM439 | 0.36-0.43 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.60-0.90 | 0.030Max | 0.030Max | 0.6-1.0 | 0.15-0.30 | 1.60-2.00 |
3: Mechanical properties .
Mechanical properties for 36CrNiMo4 open die forgings steel according to EN10250-3
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Impact value at RT/J | ||
L | Tr | L | Tr | |||
d≤160 | 750Mpa Min | 550Mpa Min | 14% Min | 10% Min | 45J Min | 22J Min |
160＜d≤330 | 700Mpa Min | 500Mpa Min | 15% Min | 11% Min | 45J Min | 22J Min |
330＜d≤660 | 650Mpa Min | 450Mpa Min | 16% Min | 12% Min | 40J Min | 20J Min |
Remark: L= Longitudinal Tr = Transverse
Sampling and preparation of test pieces for steel forging.
1: According to EN10250-1, all samples shall be taken at a distance of 4/T below the heat treated surface (with a minimum of 20mm and a maximum of 80mm), and t/2 from the end (where t is the equivalent thickness of the thickness of the ruling section of the forging at the time of heat treatment.
2: As stipulated in the contract between buyer and seller.
4: Surface hardness and hardenability.
Heat Treatment | Hardness |
Flame or Induction hardening | 54-62HRC |
Treated to improve shearability (+S) | HB250Max |
Soft annealed (+A) | HB217Max |
Quenched and tempred (+QT) | HRC28-32(Common Range) |
Where the steel is ordered by using the symbols for normal (+H) or restricted (+HL, +HH) hardenability requirements, the hardenability values should apply below:
Distance in mm from quenched end | ||||||||||||||||
Distance | 1.5 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | |
Hardness In HRC + H | max | 59 | 59 | 58 | 58 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 56 | 55 | 54 | 53 | 52 | 51 | 50 | 49 |
min | 51 | 50 | 49 | 49 | 48 | 47 | 46 | 45 | 43 | 41 | 39 | 38 | 36 | 34 | 33 | |
Hardness In HRC + HH | max | 59 | 59 | 58 | 58 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 56 | 55 | 54 | 53 | 52 | 51 | 50 | 49 |
min | 54 | 53 | 52 | 52 | 51 | 50 | 50 | 49 | 47 | 45 | 44 | 43 | 41 | 39 | 38 | |
Hardness In HRC + HL | max | 56 | 56 | 55 | 55 | 54 | 54 | 53 | 52 | 51 | 50 | 48 | 47 | 46 | 45 | 44 |
min | 51 | 50 | 49 | 49 | 48 | 47 | 46 | 45 | 43 | 41 | 39 | 38 | 36 | 34 | 33 | |
Scatter bands for the Rockwell - C hardness in the end quench hardenability test.
5: Supply size & Tolerance & Stock size
Product type | Size range | Length |
Hot rolled bar | Φ16-Φ310mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot forged bar | Φ100-Φ1200mm | 3000-5800mm |
Hot rolled plate/sheet | T:3-200mm; W:1500-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot Forged block | T: 80-800mm; W: 100-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Surface Finish | Turned | Milled | Grinding(Best) | Polished(Best) | Peeled(Best) | Black Forged | Black Rolled |
Tolerance | +0/+3mm | +0/+3mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.1mm | +0/+5mm | +0/+1mm |
Straighness | 1mm/1000mm max. | 3mm/1000mm max. | |||||
Qilu steel stock hot rolled bar and forged bars more than ten thousands tons every month, below our our stock size.
1): Stock diameter for hot rolled bar
18 | 20 | 22 | 25 | 28 | 30 | 32 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | 55 | 57 | 60 | 65 |
70 | 75 | 80 | 85 | 90 | 95 | 100 | 105 | 110 | 115 | 120 | 125 | 130 | 135 | 140 |
150 | 160 | 170 | 180 | 190 | 200 | 210 | 220 | 230 | 240 |
Since the stocks change everyday, if you want to know our stock available information, please contact our salesman.
6：Forging processing
Put the 36CrNiMo4 ingot into the furnace and heat to 1150-1200℃
Forge the ingot, forging temperature should be not less than 850-900℃
Cooling in the furnace or in the sand after forged
7: Heat treatment
Soft annealed:
Heat 36CrNiMo4 steel to 650-700℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Cooling in the furnace
Normalized:
Heat 36CrNiMo4 steel to 850-880℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Cooling in the air
Quenching and tempering:
Heat 36CrNiMo4 steel to 820-860℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Quench in water or oil
Temper steel at 540-680℃ in the furnace
Take out of 36CrNiMo4 steel from furnace and cool in the air.
Remark: The conditions given above are for guidance, at the temperatures at the lower end of the range are generally applicable to hardening in water and those at the upper end for hardening in oil.
8: Weldability
36CrNiMo4 steel has relatively poor weldability. For steel materials, weldability is strongly related to the carbon content. When the carbon content exceeds 0.25%, the weldability begins to deteriorate. The carbon content of 36CrNiMo4 is around 0.32-0.40%, which is significantly higher than 0.25%, resulting in reduced weldability. Therefore, the weldability of 36CrNiMo4 is not good. To achieve successful welding, preheating (200-300°C), post-weld heat treatment (e.g., tempering at 600-650°C), and the use of low-hydrogen welding materials are typically required to minimize the risk of cracking and ensure joint integrity.
9：Application
36CrNiMo4 steel is a kind of high strength alloy steel, which is widely used in the following fields.
1): Machinery manufacturing: for key components such as gears, drive shafts and crankshafts in heavy machinery. It is suitable for high-strength connecting parts such as connecting rods and bolts that are subject to high loads and impacts.
2): Aerospace: landing gear and engine components
3): Automotive industry: used in the manufacture of automotive transmission gears, drive shafts and chassis components.
4): Energy industry: for main shafts and gearbox components in wind turbines. Also for drilling equipment and downhole tools.
5): Mold Manufacturing: Used in the manufacture of molds that require high strength and wear resistance, such as stamping dies and forging dies.
6): Heavy construction machinery: such as excavators, cranes and other equipment in the high-stress components.
7): Shipbuilding: for ship propulsion systems and structural components.
