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E: enquiry@qilumetal.com
E: enquiry@qilumetal.com
No. 18 Xiangfu Middle Road,Yuhua District, Changsha City
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28Mn6 / 1.1170 is a widely used quality carbon-manganese steel compliant with the European standards EN 10083-2 and EN 10250-2. With a carbon content of 0.25–0.32% and approximately 1.30–1.65% manganese, this medium-carbon manganese steel provides excellent strength, toughness, and wear resistance after normalizing or quenching and tempering heat treatment.
Its uniform microstructure and reliable mechanical properties make it an ideal choice for components subjected to moderate to high stresses. Commonly employed in machinery manufacturing, automotive industries, and general engineering, 28Mn6 offers good machinability and heat treatability, ensuring reliability and durability in various industrial applications.
1: Steel equivalent
Country | China | Japan | Europe | USA |
Standard | GB/T 3077 | JIS G4053 | EN10250-2 | ASTM A29 |
Grade | 30Mn2 | SMn433 | 28Mn6/1.1170 | 1330/1527 |
2: Chemical composition
Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr |
| 30Mn2 | 0.27-0.34 | 0.17-0.37 | 1.40-1.80 | 0.030Max | 0.030Max | / |
| SMn433 | 0.30-0.36 | 0.15-0.35 | 1.20-1.50 | 0.030Max | 0.030Max | 0.35Max |
| 28Mn6/1.1170 | 0.25-0.32 | 0.40Max | 1.30-1.65 | 0.030Max | 0.035Max | 0.40Max |
| 1330/1527 | 0.22-0.29 | 0.40Max | 1.20-1.50 | 0.040Max | 0.050Max | / |
3: Mechanical properties
Mechanical properties for 28Mn6 quenching and tempering carbon steel according to EN10083-2.
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value At RT/J |
d≤16 t≤8 | 800-950Mpa | 590Mpa Min | 13% Min | 40% Min | / |
16＜d≤40 8＜t≤20 | 700-850Mpa | 490Mpa Min | 15% Min | 45% Min | 40J Min |
| 40＜d≤100 20＜t≤60 | 650-800Mpa | 440Mpa Min | 16% Min | 50% Min | 40J Min |
Mechanical properties for 28Mn6 normalizing carbon steel according to EN10083-2 and ISO683-1.
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value At RT/J |
d≤16 t≤16 | 630Mpa | 345Mpa Min | 17% Min | / | / |
16＜d≤100 16＜t≤100 | 600Mpa | 310Mpa Min | 18% Min | / | / |
100＜d≤250 100＜t≤250 | 590Mpa | 290Mpa Min | 18% Min | / | / |
Sampling and preparation of test pieces for 28Mn6 quenching and tempering steel.
1): According to EN10083-1, all samples shall be taken at a distance of 12.5mm below the heat treated surface
2): As stipulated in the contract between buyer and seller.
Mechanical properties for 28Mn6 open die forgings steel in the normalized and normalized and tempered conditions according to EN10250-2.
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Impact value at RT/J | ||
L | Tr | L | Tr | |||
| d≤100 | 600Mpa Min | 310Mpa Min | 18% Min | / | 35J Min | / |
| 100＜d≤250 | 570Mpa Min | 290Mpa Min | 18% Min | 12% Min | 30J Min | 20J Min |
| 250＜d≤500 | 540Mpa Min | 270Mpa Min | 18% Min | 12% Min | 25J Min | 15J Min |
| 500＜d≤1000 | 540Mpa Min | 260Mpa Min | 17% Min | 11% Min | 20J Min | 15J Min |
Remark: L= Longitudinal Tr = Transverse
Sampling and preparation of test pieces for steel forging.
1: According to EN10250-1, all samples shall be taken at a distance of 4/T below the heat treated surface (with a minimum of 20mm and a maximum of 80mm), and t/2 from the end (where t is the equivalent thickness of the thickness of the ruling section of the forging at the time of heat treatment.
2: As stipulated in the contract between buyer and seller.
4: Surface hardness and hardenability.
Heat Treatment | Hardness |
Treated to improve shearability (+S) | HB255Max |
Soft annealed (+A) | HB223Max |
Quenched and tempred (+QT) | HRC28-32(Common Range) |
Where the steel is ordered by using the symbols for normal (+H) or restricted (+HL, +HH) hardenability requirements, the hardenability values should apply below:
Distance in mm from quenched end | |||||||||||||||||
Distance | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | |
Hardness In HRC + H | max | 54 | 53 | 51 | 48 | 44 | 41 | 38 | 35 | 31 | 29 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 24 | / |
min | 45 | 42 | 37 | 27 | 21 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
| Distance in mm from quenched end | ||||||||||||||||
Distance | 1.5 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 5 | |
Hardness In HRC + HH | max | 54 | 53 | 51 | 48 | 44 | 41 | 38 | 35 | 31 | 29 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 24 |
| min | 48 | 46 | 42 | 34 | 30 | 27 | 24 | 21 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Hardness In HRC + HL | max | 51 | 49 | 46 | 41 | 35 | 32 | 29 | 26 | 22 | 20 | / | / | / | / | / |
| min | 45 | 42 | 37 | 27 | 21 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Scatter bands for the Rockwell - C hardness in the end quench hardenability test.
5: Supply size & Tolerance & Stock size
Product type | Size range | Length |
Cold drawn bar | Φ3-Φ80mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot rolled bar | Φ16-Φ310mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot forged bar | Φ100-Φ1200mm | 3000-5800mm |
Hot rolled plate/sheet | T:3-200mm; W:1500-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot Forged block | T: 80-800mm; W: 100-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Surface Finish | Turned | Milled | Grinding(Best) | Polished(Best) | Peeled(Best) | Black Forged | Black Rolled |
Tolerance | +0/+3mm | +0/+3mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.1mm | +0/+5mm | +0/+1mm |
Straighness | 1mm/1000mm max. | 3mm/1000mm max. | |||||
Qilu steel stock hot rolled bar and forged bars more than ten thousands tons every month, below our our stock size.
1): Stock diameter for hot rolled bar
16 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 35 | 36 |
38 | 39 | 40 | 42 | 45 | 46 | 48 | 50 | 52 | 55 | 56 | 58 | 60 | 62 | 63 |
65 | 68 | 70 | 72 | 75 | 78 | 80 | 82 | 83 | 85 | 87 | 90 | 95 | 100 | 105 |
110 | 115 | 120 | 125 | 130 | 135 | 140 | 145 | 150 | 155 | 160 | 170 | 180 | 190 | 200 |
210 | 220 | 230 | 240 | 250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 | 300 | 310 |
2) : Stock diameter for hot forged bar
310 | 320 | 330 | 340 | 350 | 360 | 370 | 380 | 390 | 400 |
410 | 420 | 430 | 440 | 450 | 460 | 470 | 480 | 490 | 500 |
510 | 520 | 530 | 540 | 550 |
Since the stocks change everyday, if you want to know our stock available information, please contact our salesman.
6：Forging processing
Put the 28Mn6 ingot into the furnace and heat to 1150-1200℃
Forge the ingot, forging temperature should be not less than 850℃
Cooling in the air after forged
7: Heat treatment
Soft annealed:
Heat 28Mn6 steel to 820-850℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Cooling in the furnace
Normalized:
Heat 28Mn6 steel to 850-880℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Cooling in the air
Quenching and tempering:
Heat 28Mn6 steel to 840-880℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Quench in water or oil
Temper steel at 540-680℃ in the furnace
Take out of 28Mn6 steel from furnace and cool in the air.
Remark: The conditions given above are for guidance, at the temperatures at the lower end of the range are generally applicable to hardening in water and those at the upper end for hardening in oil.
8: Weldability
28Mn6 steel has poor weldability due to its chemical composition. The medium carbon content (0.25-0.32%) and high manganese content (1.30-1.65%) work together to significantly increase the hardenability of the material. During welding, the heat-affected zone undergoes rapid cooling, resulting in the formation of hard and brittle martensitic structures. This hardening phenomenon substantially increases the risk of cold cracking, particularly when hydrogen is present during the welding process.
Therefore, welding 28Mn6 requires strict process controls. Successful welding must include the following critical steps: proper preheating to reduce cooling rates; use of low-hydrogen welding materials to minimize hydrogen sources; and post-weld heat treatment (such as stress relief annealing) to soften the heat-affected zone and reduce residual stresses. Failure to follow these precautions will result in a high risk of cracking in the weld and heat-affected zone, seriously compromising the structural integrity of the joint.
9：Application
28Mn6, as a high-quality carbon-manganese steel, finds extensive applications in industrial fields due to its excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, machinability, and heat treatment adaptability. Its primary uses are as follows:
1. Mechanical Manufacturing and General Engineering
Shaft Components: Widely used in manufacturing drive shafts, spindles, mandrels, and other parts subjected to moderate loads and rotational speeds.
Connectors and Fasteners: Employed in producing high-strength bolts, studs, nuts, and similar fasteners.
Structural Components: Fabricated into critical parts requiring strength and wear resistance, such as gears, sprockets, connecting rods, and worms.
2. Automotive Industry
Used for manufacturing vehicle components such as steering knuckles, connecting rods, splined shafts, and secondary gears and shafts in transmissions. After tempering treatment, it effectively meets the strength and durability requirements of these parts.
3. Tools and Molds
Suitable for producing tools and molds not subjected to severe impact, such as fixtures, chucks, and mold bases.
28Mn6 / 1.1170 is a widely used quality carbon-manganese steel compliant with the European standards EN 10083-2 and EN 10250-2. With a carbon content of 0.25–0.32% and approximately 1.30–1.65% manganese, this medium-carbon manganese steel provides excellent strength, toughness, and wear resistance after normalizing or quenching and tempering heat treatment.
Its uniform microstructure and reliable mechanical properties make it an ideal choice for components subjected to moderate to high stresses. Commonly employed in machinery manufacturing, automotive industries, and general engineering, 28Mn6 offers good machinability and heat treatability, ensuring reliability and durability in various industrial applications.
1: Steel equivalent
Country | China | Japan | Europe | USA |
Standard | GB/T 3077 | JIS G4053 | EN10250-2 | ASTM A29 |
Grade | 30Mn2 | SMn433 | 28Mn6/1.1170 | 1330/1527 |
2: Chemical composition
Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr |
| 30Mn2 | 0.27-0.34 | 0.17-0.37 | 1.40-1.80 | 0.030Max | 0.030Max | / |
| SMn433 | 0.30-0.36 | 0.15-0.35 | 1.20-1.50 | 0.030Max | 0.030Max | 0.35Max |
| 28Mn6/1.1170 | 0.25-0.32 | 0.40Max | 1.30-1.65 | 0.030Max | 0.035Max | 0.40Max |
| 1330/1527 | 0.22-0.29 | 0.40Max | 1.20-1.50 | 0.040Max | 0.050Max | / |
3: Mechanical properties
Mechanical properties for 28Mn6 quenching and tempering carbon steel according to EN10083-2.
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value At RT/J |
d≤16 t≤8 | 800-950Mpa | 590Mpa Min | 13% Min | 40% Min | / |
16＜d≤40 8＜t≤20 | 700-850Mpa | 490Mpa Min | 15% Min | 45% Min | 40J Min |
| 40＜d≤100 20＜t≤60 | 650-800Mpa | 440Mpa Min | 16% Min | 50% Min | 40J Min |
Mechanical properties for 28Mn6 normalizing carbon steel according to EN10083-2 and ISO683-1.
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value At RT/J |
d≤16 t≤16 | 630Mpa | 345Mpa Min | 17% Min | / | / |
16＜d≤100 16＜t≤100 | 600Mpa | 310Mpa Min | 18% Min | / | / |
100＜d≤250 100＜t≤250 | 590Mpa | 290Mpa Min | 18% Min | / | / |
Sampling and preparation of test pieces for 28Mn6 quenching and tempering steel.
1): According to EN10083-1, all samples shall be taken at a distance of 12.5mm below the heat treated surface
2): As stipulated in the contract between buyer and seller.
Mechanical properties for 28Mn6 open die forgings steel in the normalized and normalized and tempered conditions according to EN10250-2.
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Impact value at RT/J | ||
L | Tr | L | Tr | |||
| d≤100 | 600Mpa Min | 310Mpa Min | 18% Min | / | 35J Min | / |
| 100＜d≤250 | 570Mpa Min | 290Mpa Min | 18% Min | 12% Min | 30J Min | 20J Min |
| 250＜d≤500 | 540Mpa Min | 270Mpa Min | 18% Min | 12% Min | 25J Min | 15J Min |
| 500＜d≤1000 | 540Mpa Min | 260Mpa Min | 17% Min | 11% Min | 20J Min | 15J Min |
Remark: L= Longitudinal Tr = Transverse
Sampling and preparation of test pieces for steel forging.
1: According to EN10250-1, all samples shall be taken at a distance of 4/T below the heat treated surface (with a minimum of 20mm and a maximum of 80mm), and t/2 from the end (where t is the equivalent thickness of the thickness of the ruling section of the forging at the time of heat treatment.
2: As stipulated in the contract between buyer and seller.
4: Surface hardness and hardenability.
Heat Treatment | Hardness |
Treated to improve shearability (+S) | HB255Max |
Soft annealed (+A) | HB223Max |
Quenched and tempred (+QT) | HRC28-32(Common Range) |
Where the steel is ordered by using the symbols for normal (+H) or restricted (+HL, +HH) hardenability requirements, the hardenability values should apply below:
Distance in mm from quenched end | |||||||||||||||||
Distance | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | |
Hardness In HRC + H | max | 54 | 53 | 51 | 48 | 44 | 41 | 38 | 35 | 31 | 29 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 24 | / |
min | 45 | 42 | 37 | 27 | 21 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
| Distance in mm from quenched end | ||||||||||||||||
Distance | 1.5 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 5 | |
Hardness In HRC + HH | max | 54 | 53 | 51 | 48 | 44 | 41 | 38 | 35 | 31 | 29 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 24 |
| min | 48 | 46 | 42 | 34 | 30 | 27 | 24 | 21 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Hardness In HRC + HL | max | 51 | 49 | 46 | 41 | 35 | 32 | 29 | 26 | 22 | 20 | / | / | / | / | / |
| min | 45 | 42 | 37 | 27 | 21 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Scatter bands for the Rockwell - C hardness in the end quench hardenability test.
5: Supply size & Tolerance & Stock size
Product type | Size range | Length |
Cold drawn bar | Φ3-Φ80mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot rolled bar | Φ16-Φ310mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot forged bar | Φ100-Φ1200mm | 3000-5800mm |
Hot rolled plate/sheet | T:3-200mm; W:1500-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot Forged block | T: 80-800mm; W: 100-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Surface Finish | Turned | Milled | Grinding(Best) | Polished(Best) | Peeled(Best) | Black Forged | Black Rolled |
Tolerance | +0/+3mm | +0/+3mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.1mm | +0/+5mm | +0/+1mm |
Straighness | 1mm/1000mm max. | 3mm/1000mm max. | |||||
Qilu steel stock hot rolled bar and forged bars more than ten thousands tons every month, below our our stock size.
1): Stock diameter for hot rolled bar
16 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 35 | 36 |
38 | 39 | 40 | 42 | 45 | 46 | 48 | 50 | 52 | 55 | 56 | 58 | 60 | 62 | 63 |
65 | 68 | 70 | 72 | 75 | 78 | 80 | 82 | 83 | 85 | 87 | 90 | 95 | 100 | 105 |
110 | 115 | 120 | 125 | 130 | 135 | 140 | 145 | 150 | 155 | 160 | 170 | 180 | 190 | 200 |
210 | 220 | 230 | 240 | 250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 | 300 | 310 |
2) : Stock diameter for hot forged bar
310 | 320 | 330 | 340 | 350 | 360 | 370 | 380 | 390 | 400 |
410 | 420 | 430 | 440 | 450 | 460 | 470 | 480 | 490 | 500 |
510 | 520 | 530 | 540 | 550 |
Since the stocks change everyday, if you want to know our stock available information, please contact our salesman.
6：Forging processing
Put the 28Mn6 ingot into the furnace and heat to 1150-1200℃
Forge the ingot, forging temperature should be not less than 850℃
Cooling in the air after forged
7: Heat treatment
Soft annealed:
Heat 28Mn6 steel to 820-850℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Cooling in the furnace
Normalized:
Heat 28Mn6 steel to 850-880℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Cooling in the air
Quenching and tempering:
Heat 28Mn6 steel to 840-880℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Quench in water or oil
Temper steel at 540-680℃ in the furnace
Take out of 28Mn6 steel from furnace and cool in the air.
Remark: The conditions given above are for guidance, at the temperatures at the lower end of the range are generally applicable to hardening in water and those at the upper end for hardening in oil.
8: Weldability
28Mn6 steel has poor weldability due to its chemical composition. The medium carbon content (0.25-0.32%) and high manganese content (1.30-1.65%) work together to significantly increase the hardenability of the material. During welding, the heat-affected zone undergoes rapid cooling, resulting in the formation of hard and brittle martensitic structures. This hardening phenomenon substantially increases the risk of cold cracking, particularly when hydrogen is present during the welding process.
Therefore, welding 28Mn6 requires strict process controls. Successful welding must include the following critical steps: proper preheating to reduce cooling rates; use of low-hydrogen welding materials to minimize hydrogen sources; and post-weld heat treatment (such as stress relief annealing) to soften the heat-affected zone and reduce residual stresses. Failure to follow these precautions will result in a high risk of cracking in the weld and heat-affected zone, seriously compromising the structural integrity of the joint.
9：Application
28Mn6, as a high-quality carbon-manganese steel, finds extensive applications in industrial fields due to its excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, machinability, and heat treatment adaptability. Its primary uses are as follows:
1. Mechanical Manufacturing and General Engineering
Shaft Components: Widely used in manufacturing drive shafts, spindles, mandrels, and other parts subjected to moderate loads and rotational speeds.
Connectors and Fasteners: Employed in producing high-strength bolts, studs, nuts, and similar fasteners.
Structural Components: Fabricated into critical parts requiring strength and wear resistance, such as gears, sprockets, connecting rods, and worms.
2. Automotive Industry
Used for manufacturing vehicle components such as steering knuckles, connecting rods, splined shafts, and secondary gears and shafts in transmissions. After tempering treatment, it effectively meets the strength and durability requirements of these parts.
3. Tools and Molds
Suitable for producing tools and molds not subjected to severe impact, such as fixtures, chucks, and mold bases.
