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E: enquiry@qilumetal.com
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C35 / 1.0501 is a medium carbon structural steel belonging to the European standards EN 10083-2 and EN 10250-2. It is widely used in various industries, such as machinery manufacturing, automotive components, and general engineering, due to its balanced mechanical properties and good machinability. You can find its equivalents in different national standards, such as American Standard ASTM 1035 (ASTM A20), Japanese Standard S35C (JIS G4051), Chinese Standard 35# (GB/T 699), and British Standard 060A35 (BS 970).
C35 is a medium carbon steel series with a carbon content of 0.32-0.39%. It is typically supplied in the untreated or normalized condition, where it exhibits a good combination of strength, hardness, and toughness. After heat treatment processes such as quenching and tempering (QT), it can achieve improved mechanical properties, making it suitable for applications requiring higher strength and wear resistance, such as gears, shafts, and connecting rods. Its versatility and ease of processing make it a popular choice for a wide range of engineering applications.
1: Steel equivalent
Country | USA | Europe | China | British | Japan |
Standard | ASTM A20 | EN10083-2 | GB/T699 | BS970 | JIS G4051 |
Grade | 1035 | C35/1.0501 | 35# | 060A35 | S35C |
2: Chemical composition
Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni |
1035 | 0.32-0.38 | / | 0.60-0.90 | 0.040Max | 0.050Max | / | / | / |
C35/1.0501 | 0.32-0.39 | 0.40Max | 0.50-0.80 | 0.045Max | 0.045Max | 0.40Max | 0.10Max | 0.40Max |
35# | 0.32-0.39 | 0.17-0.37 | 0.50-0.80 | 0.035Max | 0.035Max | 0.25Max | / | 0.30Max |
S35C | 0.32-0.38 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.60-0.90 | 0.030Max | 0.035Max | 0.20Max | / | / |
3: Mechanical properties .
Mechanical properties for C35 quenching and tempering carbon steel according to EN10083-2.
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value At RT/J |
d≤16 t≤8 | 630-780Mpa | 430Mpa Min | 17% Min | 40% Min | / |
16＜d≤40 8＜t≤20 | 600-750Mpa | 380Mpa Min | 19% Min | 45%Min | / |
Mechanical properties for C35 normalizing carbon steel according to EN10083-2 and ISO683-1.
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value At RT/J |
d≤16 t≤16 | 550Mpa | 300Mpa Min | 18% Min | / | / |
16＜d≤100 16＜t≤100 | 520Mpa | 270Mpa Min | 19% Min | / | / |
100＜d≤250 100＜t≤250 | 500Mpa | 245Mpa Min | 19% Min | / | / |
Sampling and preparation of test pieces for C35 quenching and tempering steel.
1): According to EN10083-1, all samples shall be taken at a distance of 12.5mm below the heat treated surface
2): As stipulated in the contract between buyer and seller.
Mechanical properties for C35 open die forgings steel in the normalized and normalized and tempered conditions according to EN10250-2.
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Impact value at RT/J | ||
L | Tr | L | Tr | |||
d≤100 | 520Mpa Min | 270Mpa Min | 19% Min | / | 30J Min | / |
100＜d≤250 | 500Mpa Min | 245Mpa Min | 19% Min | 15% Min | 25J Min | 15J Min |
250＜d≤500 | 480Mpa Min | 220Mpa Min | 19% Min | 15% Min | 20J Min | 12J Min |
500＜d≤1000 | 470Mpa Min | 210Mpa Min | 18% Min | 14% Min | 17J Min | 12J Min |
Mechanical properties for C35 open die forgings steel in the quenched and tempered conditions according to EN10250-2.
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Impact value at RT/J | ||
L | Tr | L | Tr | |||
d≤70 | 550Mpa Min | 320Mpa Min | 20% Min | / | 35J Min | / |
70＜d≤160 | 490Mpa Min | 290Mpa Min | 22% Min | 15% Min | 31J Min | 20J Min |
160＜d≤330 | 270Mpa Min | 270Mpa Min | 21% Min | 14% Min | 25J Min | 16J Min |
Remark: L= Longitudinal Tr = Transverse
Sampling and preparation of test pieces for steel forging.
1: According to EN10250-1, all samples shall be taken at a distance of 4/T below the heat treated surface (with a minimum of 20mm and a maximum of 80mm), and t/2 from the end (where t is the equivalent thickness of the thickness of the ruling section of the forging at the time of heat treatment.
2: As stipulated in the contract between buyer and seller.
4: Surface hardness and hardenability.
Heat Treatment | Hardness |
Flame or Induction hardening | 48HRC |
Treated to improve shearability (+S) | 150-200HBW |
Soft annealed (+A) | 130-170HBW |
Quenched and tempred (+QT) | HRC28-32(Common Range) |
Where the steel is ordered by using the symbols for normal (+H) or restricted (+HL, +HH) hardenability requirements, the hardenability values should apply below:
Distance in mm from quenched end | ||||||||||||||
Distance | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 15 | |
Hardness In HRC + H | max | 58 | 57 | 55 | 53 | 49 | 41 | 34 | 31 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 24 |
min | 48 | 40 | 33 | 24 | 22 | 20 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Hardness In HRC + HH | +HH4 | / | / | / | 34-53 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
+HH14 | 51-58 | / | / | 34-53 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Hardness In HRC + HL | +HL4 | / | / | / | 24-43 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
+HL14 | 48-55 | / | / | 24-43 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Scatter bands for the Rockwell - C hardness in the end quench hardenability test.
5: Supply size & Tolerance & Stock size
Product type | Size range | Length |
Cold drawn bar | Φ3-Φ80mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot rolled bar | Φ16-Φ300mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot forged bar | Φ100-Φ1200mm | 3000-5800mm |
Hot rolled plate/sheet | T:3-200mm; W:1500-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot Forged block | T: 80-800mm; W: 100-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Surface Finish | Turned | Milled | Grinding(Best) | Polished(Best) | Peeled(Best) | Black Forged | Black Rolled |
Tolerance | +0/+3mm | +0/+3mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.1mm | +0/+5mm | +0/+1mm |
Straighness | 1mm/1000mm max. | 3mm/1000mm max. | |||||
Qilu steel stock hot rolled bar and forged bars more than ten thousands tons every month, below our our stock size.
1): Stock diameter for hot rolled bar
20 | 22 | 25 | 28 | 30 | 32 | 35 | 38 | 40 | 42 | 45 | 48 | 50 | 55 | 60 |
65 | 70 | 75 | 80 | 85 | 90 | 95 | 100 | 105 | 110 | 115 | 120 | 125 | 130 | 140 |
150 | 160 | 170 | 180 | 190 | 200 | 210 | 220 | 230 | 240 | 250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 |
300 |
Since the stocks change everyday, if you want to know our stock available information, please contact our salesman.
6：Forging processing
Put the C35 ingot into the furnace and heat to 1150℃
Forge the ingot, forging temperature should be not less than 850℃
Cooling in the air after forged
7: Heat treatment
Soft annealed:
Heat C35 steel to 680-720℃
Cooling in the furnace
Normalized:
Heat C35 steel to 860-900℃
Cooling in the air
Quenching and tempering:
Heat C35 steel to 840-880℃
Quench in water or oil
Temper steel at 550-660℃ in the furnace
Take out of C35 steel from furnace and cool in the air.
Remark: The conditions given above are for guidance, at the temperatures at the lower end of the range are generally applicable to hardening in water and those at the upper end for hardening in oil.
8: Weldability
C35 steel has poor weldability. For steel material, weldability has strong relationship with carbon element, when the carbon element is more than 0.25%, the weldability will be starting to get worse. The carbon element of C35 is around 0.32%-0.39%, so the weldability is not good.
9：Application
C35 steel has moderate strength, hardness and good machinability. The following are the main application areas of C35 steel.
1): Mechanical manufacturing: C35 steel is commonly used in the manufacture of gears, shafts, connecting rods, bolts, nuts and other mechanical parts.
2): Automobile industry: It is used to produce drive shafts, steering components, chassis parts, etc.
3): Tool manufacturing: used to manufacture some non-high-strength tools, such as jigs, mold bases, etc., but its hardness and wear resistance is not as good as high-carbon steel or alloy tool steel.
4): Architectural and engineering structures: It is used for some medium strength parts in architectural and engineering structures, such as connectors and supports.
5): Due to its good machinability and moderate mechanical properties, C35 steel is also widely used in the manufacture of a variety of general-purpose parts, such as pins, sleeves, flanges and so on.
C35 / 1.0501 is a medium carbon structural steel belonging to the European standards EN 10083-2 and EN 10250-2. It is widely used in various industries, such as machinery manufacturing, automotive components, and general engineering, due to its balanced mechanical properties and good machinability. You can find its equivalents in different national standards, such as American Standard ASTM 1035 (ASTM A20), Japanese Standard S35C (JIS G4051), Chinese Standard 35# (GB/T 699), and British Standard 060A35 (BS 970).
C35 is a medium carbon steel series with a carbon content of 0.32-0.39%. It is typically supplied in the untreated or normalized condition, where it exhibits a good combination of strength, hardness, and toughness. After heat treatment processes such as quenching and tempering (QT), it can achieve improved mechanical properties, making it suitable for applications requiring higher strength and wear resistance, such as gears, shafts, and connecting rods. Its versatility and ease of processing make it a popular choice for a wide range of engineering applications.
1: Steel equivalent
Country | USA | Europe | China | British | Japan |
Standard | ASTM A20 | EN10083-2 | GB/T699 | BS970 | JIS G4051 |
Grade | 1035 | C35/1.0501 | 35# | 060A35 | S35C |
2: Chemical composition
Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni |
1035 | 0.32-0.38 | / | 0.60-0.90 | 0.040Max | 0.050Max | / | / | / |
C35/1.0501 | 0.32-0.39 | 0.40Max | 0.50-0.80 | 0.045Max | 0.045Max | 0.40Max | 0.10Max | 0.40Max |
35# | 0.32-0.39 | 0.17-0.37 | 0.50-0.80 | 0.035Max | 0.035Max | 0.25Max | / | 0.30Max |
S35C | 0.32-0.38 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.60-0.90 | 0.030Max | 0.035Max | 0.20Max | / | / |
3: Mechanical properties .
Mechanical properties for C35 quenching and tempering carbon steel according to EN10083-2.
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value At RT/J |
d≤16 t≤8 | 630-780Mpa | 430Mpa Min | 17% Min | 40% Min | / |
16＜d≤40 8＜t≤20 | 600-750Mpa | 380Mpa Min | 19% Min | 45%Min | / |
Mechanical properties for C35 normalizing carbon steel according to EN10083-2 and ISO683-1.
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value At RT/J |
d≤16 t≤16 | 550Mpa | 300Mpa Min | 18% Min | / | / |
16＜d≤100 16＜t≤100 | 520Mpa | 270Mpa Min | 19% Min | / | / |
100＜d≤250 100＜t≤250 | 500Mpa | 245Mpa Min | 19% Min | / | / |
Sampling and preparation of test pieces for C35 quenching and tempering steel.
1): According to EN10083-1, all samples shall be taken at a distance of 12.5mm below the heat treated surface
2): As stipulated in the contract between buyer and seller.
Mechanical properties for C35 open die forgings steel in the normalized and normalized and tempered conditions according to EN10250-2.
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Impact value at RT/J | ||
L | Tr | L | Tr | |||
d≤100 | 520Mpa Min | 270Mpa Min | 19% Min | / | 30J Min | / |
100＜d≤250 | 500Mpa Min | 245Mpa Min | 19% Min | 15% Min | 25J Min | 15J Min |
250＜d≤500 | 480Mpa Min | 220Mpa Min | 19% Min | 15% Min | 20J Min | 12J Min |
500＜d≤1000 | 470Mpa Min | 210Mpa Min | 18% Min | 14% Min | 17J Min | 12J Min |
Mechanical properties for C35 open die forgings steel in the quenched and tempered conditions according to EN10250-2.
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Impact value at RT/J | ||
L | Tr | L | Tr | |||
d≤70 | 550Mpa Min | 320Mpa Min | 20% Min | / | 35J Min | / |
70＜d≤160 | 490Mpa Min | 290Mpa Min | 22% Min | 15% Min | 31J Min | 20J Min |
160＜d≤330 | 270Mpa Min | 270Mpa Min | 21% Min | 14% Min | 25J Min | 16J Min |
Remark: L= Longitudinal Tr = Transverse
Sampling and preparation of test pieces for steel forging.
1: According to EN10250-1, all samples shall be taken at a distance of 4/T below the heat treated surface (with a minimum of 20mm and a maximum of 80mm), and t/2 from the end (where t is the equivalent thickness of the thickness of the ruling section of the forging at the time of heat treatment.
2: As stipulated in the contract between buyer and seller.
4: Surface hardness and hardenability.
Heat Treatment | Hardness |
Flame or Induction hardening | 48HRC |
Treated to improve shearability (+S) | 150-200HBW |
Soft annealed (+A) | 130-170HBW |
Quenched and tempred (+QT) | HRC28-32(Common Range) |
Where the steel is ordered by using the symbols for normal (+H) or restricted (+HL, +HH) hardenability requirements, the hardenability values should apply below:
Distance in mm from quenched end | ||||||||||||||
Distance | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 15 | |
Hardness In HRC + H | max | 58 | 57 | 55 | 53 | 49 | 41 | 34 | 31 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 24 |
min | 48 | 40 | 33 | 24 | 22 | 20 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Hardness In HRC + HH | +HH4 | / | / | / | 34-53 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
+HH14 | 51-58 | / | / | 34-53 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Hardness In HRC + HL | +HL4 | / | / | / | 24-43 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
+HL14 | 48-55 | / | / | 24-43 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Scatter bands for the Rockwell - C hardness in the end quench hardenability test.
5: Supply size & Tolerance & Stock size
Product type | Size range | Length |
Cold drawn bar | Φ3-Φ80mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot rolled bar | Φ16-Φ300mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot forged bar | Φ100-Φ1200mm | 3000-5800mm |
Hot rolled plate/sheet | T:3-200mm; W:1500-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot Forged block | T: 80-800mm; W: 100-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Surface Finish | Turned | Milled | Grinding(Best) | Polished(Best) | Peeled(Best) | Black Forged | Black Rolled |
Tolerance | +0/+3mm | +0/+3mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.1mm | +0/+5mm | +0/+1mm |
Straighness | 1mm/1000mm max. | 3mm/1000mm max. | |||||
Qilu steel stock hot rolled bar and forged bars more than ten thousands tons every month, below our our stock size.
1): Stock diameter for hot rolled bar
20 | 22 | 25 | 28 | 30 | 32 | 35 | 38 | 40 | 42 | 45 | 48 | 50 | 55 | 60 |
65 | 70 | 75 | 80 | 85 | 90 | 95 | 100 | 105 | 110 | 115 | 120 | 125 | 130 | 140 |
150 | 160 | 170 | 180 | 190 | 200 | 210 | 220 | 230 | 240 | 250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 |
300 |
Since the stocks change everyday, if you want to know our stock available information, please contact our salesman.
6：Forging processing
Put the C35 ingot into the furnace and heat to 1150℃
Forge the ingot, forging temperature should be not less than 850℃
Cooling in the air after forged
7: Heat treatment
Soft annealed:
Heat C35 steel to 680-720℃
Cooling in the furnace
Normalized:
Heat C35 steel to 860-900℃
Cooling in the air
Quenching and tempering:
Heat C35 steel to 840-880℃
Quench in water or oil
Temper steel at 550-660℃ in the furnace
Take out of C35 steel from furnace and cool in the air.
Remark: The conditions given above are for guidance, at the temperatures at the lower end of the range are generally applicable to hardening in water and those at the upper end for hardening in oil.
8: Weldability
C35 steel has poor weldability. For steel material, weldability has strong relationship with carbon element, when the carbon element is more than 0.25%, the weldability will be starting to get worse. The carbon element of C35 is around 0.32%-0.39%, so the weldability is not good.
9：Application
C35 steel has moderate strength, hardness and good machinability. The following are the main application areas of C35 steel.
1): Mechanical manufacturing: C35 steel is commonly used in the manufacture of gears, shafts, connecting rods, bolts, nuts and other mechanical parts.
2): Automobile industry: It is used to produce drive shafts, steering components, chassis parts, etc.
3): Tool manufacturing: used to manufacture some non-high-strength tools, such as jigs, mold bases, etc., but its hardness and wear resistance is not as good as high-carbon steel or alloy tool steel.
4): Architectural and engineering structures: It is used for some medium strength parts in architectural and engineering structures, such as connectors and supports.
5): Due to its good machinability and moderate mechanical properties, C35 steel is also widely used in the manufacture of a variety of general-purpose parts, such as pins, sleeves, flanges and so on.
