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E: enquiry@qilumetal.com
E: enquiry@qilumetal.com
No. 18 Xiangfu Middle Road,Yuhua District, Changsha City
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38Cr2 / 1.7003 is a widely used chromium alloy steel compliant with the European standard EN 10083-3 and EN 10250-3. With a carbon content of 0.35–0.42%, this medium-carbon steel delivers an optimal balance of strength, toughness, and wear resistance after quenching and tempering heat treatment.
Its superior hardenability and weldability make it a preferred choice for medium-to-high stress applications. Commonly employed in automotive, machinery manufacturing, and general engineering, 38Cr2 offers excellent machinability and heat treatability, ensuring durability in demanding industrial environments.
1: Steel equivalent
Country | Europe | Germany |
Standard | EN10083-3 | DIN |
Grade | 38Cr2/1.7003 | 38Cr2 |
2: Chemical composition
Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr |
38Cr2/1.7003 | 0.35-0.42 | 0.40Max | 0.50-0.80 | 0.025Max | 0.035Max | 0.40-0.60 |
3: Mechanical properties .
Mechanical properties for 38Cr2 quenching and tempering alloy steel.
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value At RT/J |
d≤16 t≤8 | 800-950Mpa | 550Mpa Min | 14% Min | 35% Min | / |
16＜d≤40 8＜t≤20 | 700-850Mpa | 450Mpa Min | 15% Min | 40%Min | 35J Min |
| 40＜d≤100 20＜t≤60 | 600-750Mpa | 350Mpa Min | 17% Min | 45%Min | 35J Min |
Sampling and preparation of test pieces for 38Cr2 quenching and tempering steel.
1): According to EN10083-1, all samples shall be taken at a distance of 12.5mm below the heat treated surface
2): As stipulated in the contract between buyer and seller.
Mechanical properties for 38Cr2 open die forgings steel according to EN10250-3
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Impact value at RT/J | ||
d≤70 | 600Mpa Min | 350Mpa Min | 17% Min | 35J Min | ||
Sampling and preparation of test pieces for steel forging.
1: According to EN10250-1, all samples shall be taken at a distance of 4/T below the heat treated surface (with a minimum of 20mm and a maximum of 80mm), and t/2 from the end (where t is the equivalent thickness of the thickness of the ruling section of the forging at the time of heat treatment.
2: As stipulated in the contract between buyer and seller.
4: Surface hardness and hardenability.
Heat Treatment | Hardness |
Treated to improve shearability (+S) | HB255Max |
Soft annealed (+A) | HB207Max |
Quenched and tempred (+QT) | HRC28-32(Common Range) |
Where the steel is ordered by using the symbols for normal (+H) or restricted (+HL, +HH) hardenability requirements, the hardenability values should apply below:
Distance in mm from quenched end | ||||||||||||||||
Distance | 1.5 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | |
Hardness In HRC + H | max | 59 | 57 | 54 | 49 | 43 | 39 | 37 | 35 | 32 | 30 | 27 | / | / | / | / |
min | 51 | 46 | 37 | 29 | 25 | 22 | 20 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Hardness In HRC + HH | max | 59 | 57 | 54 | 49 | 43 | 39 | 37 | 35 | 32 | 30 | 27 | / | / | / | / |
min | 54 | 50 | 43 | 36 | 31 | 28 | 26 | 24 | 21 | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Hardness In HRC + HL | max | 56 | 53 | 48 | 42 | 37 | 33 | 31 | 29 | 26 | 24 | 21 | / | / | / | / |
min | 51 | 46 | 37 | 29 | 25 | 22 | 20 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Scatter bands for the Rockwell - C hardness in the end quench hardenability test.
5: Supply size & Tolerance & Stock size
Product type | Size range | Length |
Cold drawn bar | Φ3-Φ80mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot rolled bar | Φ16-Φ310mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot forged bar | Φ100-Φ1200mm | 3000-5800mm |
Hot rolled plate/sheet | T:3-200mm; W:1500-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot Forged block | T: 80-800mm; W: 100-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Surface Finish | Turned | Milled | Grinding(Best) | Polished(Best) | Peeled(Best) | Black Forged | Black Rolled |
Tolerance | +0/+3mm | +0/+3mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.1mm | +0/+5mm | +0/+1mm |
Straighness | 1mm/1000mm max. | 3mm/1000mm max. | |||||
Qilu steel stock hot rolled bar and forged bars more than ten thousands tons every month, below our our stock size.
1): Stock diameter for hot rolled bar
16 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 35 | 36 |
38 | 39 | 40 | 42 | 45 | 46 | 48 | 50 | 52 | 55 | 56 | 58 | 60 | 62 | 63 |
65 | 68 | 70 | 72 | 75 | 78 | 80 | 82 | 83 | 85 | 87 | 90 | 95 | 100 | 105 |
110 | 115 | 120 | 125 | 130 | 135 | 140 | 145 | 150 | 155 | 160 | 170 | 180 | 190 | 200 |
210 | 220 | 230 | 240 | 250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 | 300 | 310 |
2) : Stock diameter for hot forged bar
310 | 320 | 330 | 340 | 350 | 360 | 370 | 380 | 390 | 400 |
410 | 420 | 430 | 440 | 450 | 460 | 470 | 480 | 490 | 500 |
510 | 520 | 530 | 540 | 550 |
Since the stocks change everyday, if you want to know our stock available information, please contact our salesman.
6：Forging processing
Put the 38Cr2 ingot into the furnace and heat to 1150-1200℃
Forge the ingot, forging temperature should be not less than 850-950℃
Cooling in the air or in the furnace after forged
7: Heat treatment
Soft annealed:
Heat 38Cr2 steel to 820-860℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Cooling in the furnace
Normalized:
Heat 38Cr2 steel to 860-880℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Cooling in the air
Quenching and tempering:
Heat 38Cr2 steel to 830-870℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Quench in water or oil
Temper steel at 540-680℃ in the furnace
Take out of 38Cr2 steel from furnace and cool in the air.
Remark: The conditions given above are for guidance, at the temperatures at the lower end of the range are generally applicable to hardening in water and those at the upper end for hardening in oil.
8: Weldability
38Cr2 steel has limited weldability due to its medium carbon content of 0.35 to 0.42%. Since weldability typically decreases with increasing carbon content, steels with carbon levels above 0.25% are generally more prone to cracking during welding.
9：Application
38Cr2 is a medium-carbon chromium alloy steel with good strength, toughness, and wear resistance after heat treatment. Due to its balanced mechanical properties, it is widely used in automotive, machinery, and general engineering applications.
1. Automotive Industry
1). Gear shafts & transmission components
2). Crankshafts & camshafts
3). Axles & drive shafts
4). Suspension components (e.g., steering knuckles)
2. Machinery & Heavy Equipment
1). Hydraulic cylinders & piston rods
2). Gears & sprockets
3). Bolts, studs, and high-strength fasteners
4). Pump & valve components
3. General Engineering & Tooling
1). Forged components (e.g., levers, couplings)
2). Molds & dies
3). Construction & mining equipment parts
38Cr2 / 1.7003 is a widely used chromium alloy steel compliant with the European standard EN 10083-3 and EN 10250-3. With a carbon content of 0.35–0.42%, this medium-carbon steel delivers an optimal balance of strength, toughness, and wear resistance after quenching and tempering heat treatment.
Its superior hardenability and weldability make it a preferred choice for medium-to-high stress applications. Commonly employed in automotive, machinery manufacturing, and general engineering, 38Cr2 offers excellent machinability and heat treatability, ensuring durability in demanding industrial environments.
1: Steel equivalent
Country | Europe | Germany |
Standard | EN10083-3 | DIN |
Grade | 38Cr2/1.7003 | 38Cr2 |
2: Chemical composition
Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr |
38Cr2/1.7003 | 0.35-0.42 | 0.40Max | 0.50-0.80 | 0.025Max | 0.035Max | 0.40-0.60 |
3: Mechanical properties .
Mechanical properties for 38Cr2 quenching and tempering alloy steel.
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Area of reduction | Impact value At RT/J |
d≤16 t≤8 | 800-950Mpa | 550Mpa Min | 14% Min | 35% Min | / |
16＜d≤40 8＜t≤20 | 700-850Mpa | 450Mpa Min | 15% Min | 40%Min | 35J Min |
| 40＜d≤100 20＜t≤60 | 600-750Mpa | 350Mpa Min | 17% Min | 45%Min | 35J Min |
Sampling and preparation of test pieces for 38Cr2 quenching and tempering steel.
1): According to EN10083-1, all samples shall be taken at a distance of 12.5mm below the heat treated surface
2): As stipulated in the contract between buyer and seller.
Mechanical properties for 38Cr2 open die forgings steel according to EN10250-3
Size range | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Alongation | Impact value at RT/J | ||
d≤70 | 600Mpa Min | 350Mpa Min | 17% Min | 35J Min | ||
Sampling and preparation of test pieces for steel forging.
1: According to EN10250-1, all samples shall be taken at a distance of 4/T below the heat treated surface (with a minimum of 20mm and a maximum of 80mm), and t/2 from the end (where t is the equivalent thickness of the thickness of the ruling section of the forging at the time of heat treatment.
2: As stipulated in the contract between buyer and seller.
4: Surface hardness and hardenability.
Heat Treatment | Hardness |
Treated to improve shearability (+S) | HB255Max |
Soft annealed (+A) | HB207Max |
Quenched and tempred (+QT) | HRC28-32(Common Range) |
Where the steel is ordered by using the symbols for normal (+H) or restricted (+HL, +HH) hardenability requirements, the hardenability values should apply below:
Distance in mm from quenched end | ||||||||||||||||
Distance | 1.5 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | |
Hardness In HRC + H | max | 59 | 57 | 54 | 49 | 43 | 39 | 37 | 35 | 32 | 30 | 27 | / | / | / | / |
min | 51 | 46 | 37 | 29 | 25 | 22 | 20 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Hardness In HRC + HH | max | 59 | 57 | 54 | 49 | 43 | 39 | 37 | 35 | 32 | 30 | 27 | / | / | / | / |
min | 54 | 50 | 43 | 36 | 31 | 28 | 26 | 24 | 21 | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Hardness In HRC + HL | max | 56 | 53 | 48 | 42 | 37 | 33 | 31 | 29 | 26 | 24 | 21 | / | / | / | / |
min | 51 | 46 | 37 | 29 | 25 | 22 | 20 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
Scatter bands for the Rockwell - C hardness in the end quench hardenability test.
5: Supply size & Tolerance & Stock size
Product type | Size range | Length |
Cold drawn bar | Φ3-Φ80mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot rolled bar | Φ16-Φ310mm | 6000-9000mm |
Hot forged bar | Φ100-Φ1200mm | 3000-5800mm |
Hot rolled plate/sheet | T:3-200mm; W:1500-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot Forged block | T: 80-800mm; W: 100-2500mm | 2000-5800mm |
Surface Finish | Turned | Milled | Grinding(Best) | Polished(Best) | Peeled(Best) | Black Forged | Black Rolled |
Tolerance | +0/+3mm | +0/+3mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.1mm | +0/+5mm | +0/+1mm |
Straighness | 1mm/1000mm max. | 3mm/1000mm max. | |||||
Qilu steel stock hot rolled bar and forged bars more than ten thousands tons every month, below our our stock size.
1): Stock diameter for hot rolled bar
16 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 35 | 36 |
38 | 39 | 40 | 42 | 45 | 46 | 48 | 50 | 52 | 55 | 56 | 58 | 60 | 62 | 63 |
65 | 68 | 70 | 72 | 75 | 78 | 80 | 82 | 83 | 85 | 87 | 90 | 95 | 100 | 105 |
110 | 115 | 120 | 125 | 130 | 135 | 140 | 145 | 150 | 155 | 160 | 170 | 180 | 190 | 200 |
210 | 220 | 230 | 240 | 250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 | 300 | 310 |
2) : Stock diameter for hot forged bar
310 | 320 | 330 | 340 | 350 | 360 | 370 | 380 | 390 | 400 |
410 | 420 | 430 | 440 | 450 | 460 | 470 | 480 | 490 | 500 |
510 | 520 | 530 | 540 | 550 |
Since the stocks change everyday, if you want to know our stock available information, please contact our salesman.
6：Forging processing
Put the 38Cr2 ingot into the furnace and heat to 1150-1200℃
Forge the ingot, forging temperature should be not less than 850-950℃
Cooling in the air or in the furnace after forged
7: Heat treatment
Soft annealed:
Heat 38Cr2 steel to 820-860℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Cooling in the furnace
Normalized:
Heat 38Cr2 steel to 860-880℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Cooling in the air
Quenching and tempering:
Heat 38Cr2 steel to 830-870℃ in the furnace
Soak at this temperature in the furnace
Quench in water or oil
Temper steel at 540-680℃ in the furnace
Take out of 38Cr2 steel from furnace and cool in the air.
Remark: The conditions given above are for guidance, at the temperatures at the lower end of the range are generally applicable to hardening in water and those at the upper end for hardening in oil.
8: Weldability
38Cr2 steel has limited weldability due to its medium carbon content of 0.35 to 0.42%. Since weldability typically decreases with increasing carbon content, steels with carbon levels above 0.25% are generally more prone to cracking during welding.
9：Application
38Cr2 is a medium-carbon chromium alloy steel with good strength, toughness, and wear resistance after heat treatment. Due to its balanced mechanical properties, it is widely used in automotive, machinery, and general engineering applications.
1. Automotive Industry
1). Gear shafts & transmission components
2). Crankshafts & camshafts
3). Axles & drive shafts
4). Suspension components (e.g., steering knuckles)
2. Machinery & Heavy Equipment
1). Hydraulic cylinders & piston rods
2). Gears & sprockets
3). Bolts, studs, and high-strength fasteners
4). Pump & valve components
3. General Engineering & Tooling
1). Forged components (e.g., levers, couplings)
2). Molds & dies
3). Construction & mining equipment parts
