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E: enquiry@qilumetal.com
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1.2510
Qilu
DIN 1.2510 steel (also known as DIN 100MnCrW4, AISI/SAE O1, and JIS SKS3) is a medium-alloy, oil-hardening cold work tool steel renowned for its excellent dimensional stability during heat treatment, high wear resistance, and good toughness . This versatile grade is classified as a manganese-chromium-tungsten alloyed steel, offering a superior balance of hardness, machinability, and resistance to distortion, making it the preferred choice for precision tooling applications where tight tolerances and reliable performance are critical.
The material is typically supplied in a soft annealed condition with a maximum hardness of ≤230 HB, facilitating ease of machining and forming prior to final heat treatment . Upon oil quenching and tempering, 1.2510 achieves a surface hardness of up to 64 HRC, combining wear resistance with the toughness required to withstand impact and repetitive loading.
Country | China | Germany | USA | Japan |
Standard | GB/T 1299 | DIN 17350 | ASTM A681 | JIS G4404 |
Grade | 9CrWMn | 100MnCrW4/1.2510 | O1 | SKS3 |
Grade | C | Si | Mn | Cr | W | P | S |
O1 | 0.85-1.00 | 0.10-0.50 | 1.00-1.40 | 0.40-0.70 | 0.40-0.60 | 0.030Max | 0.030Max |
| 9CrWMn | 0.85-0.95 | 0.40Max | 0.90-1.20 | 0.50-0.80 | 0.50-0.80 | 0.030Max | 0.030Max |
| SKS3 | 0.90-1.00 | 0.35Max | 0.90-1.20 | 0.50-1.00 | 0.50-1.00 | 0.030Max | 0.030Max |
| Property | 20°C | 100°C | 200°C | 250°C | 500°C |
| Density (g/cm³) | 7.85 | - | - | - | - |
| Thermal Conductivity (W/m・K) | 29.9 | 30.1 | - | 31.7 | 31.2 |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (10⁻⁶/K) | - | 11.4 | 12.0 | 12.7 | 12.8 |
| Modulus of Elasticity (kN/mm²) | 212 | 209 | - | 200 | 175 |
| Property | Value |
| Annealed Hardness | ≤ 212 HBW (approx. 18 HRC) |
| Quenched Hardness | 62–64 HRC |
| Yield Strength | 55,000 psi |
| Tensile Strength | 95,000 psi |
| Machinability Rating | 95% (relative to AISI 1212) |
Heat slowly and uniformly to 1000°C. Forge within the 1000°C to 800°C range. Cool slowly in lime, mica, dry ashes, or furnace after forging.
Heat slowly to 770–800°C, hold until fully heated, then furnace-cool at a maximum rate of 22°C per hour down to approximately 540°C. Resulting hardness: ≤ 212 HBW. Protect against surface decarburisation using a controlled atmosphere or pack-annealing.
After rough machining, heat to 650–675°C. Hold for equalisation, then cool in still air.
Preheat at 650–675°C. Hold for ¾ hour per 25 mm of section thickness.
Heat to 790–850°C. Soak until uniform throughout the section. Quench in warm oil at 50–80°C. Cool in oil to 50–70°C, then temper immediately without allowing the part to cool to room temperature.
Double tempering is essential. Heat for at least 2 hours per 25 mm of thickness. Typical tempering range: 150–250°C.
Product type | Size range | Length |
Hot rolled bar | Φ10-Φ190mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot forged bar | Φ200-Φ600mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot rolled plate/sheet | T:10-60mm; W:310-810mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot forged plate | T:70-250mm; W:310-810mm | 2000-5800mm |
Hot Forged block | T: 260-500mm; W: 300-1000mm | 2000-5800mm |
Surface Finish | Turned | Milled | Grinding(Best) | Polished(Best) | Peeled(Best) | Black Forged | Black Rolled |
Tolerance | +0/+3mm | +0/+3mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.05mm | +0/+0.1mm | +0/+5mm | +0/+1mm |
Straighness | 1mm/1000mm max. | 3mm/1000mm max. | |||||
1.2510 is a general-purpose cold work steel ideally suited for applications requiring high precision and wear resistance at ambient temperatures.
Blanking, punching, stamping, and forming dies
Bending dies and drawing dies
Shear blades, trimming dies, and cutting tools (e.g., milling cutters, broaches, reamers)
Thread rolling tools and gauges
Woodworking tools (e.g., cutting knives)
Measuring instruments, gauges, and fixture components
Embossing dies for jewelry and metal stamping
Inserts for plastic molding tools
A1: O1 offers superior machinability and better dimensional stability during heat treatment than A2 or D2, with slightly lower wear resistance and strength. Choose O1 for precision applications where distortion control is critical.
A2: They are the identical material. 1.2510 is German DIN Werkstoff number, O1 is AISI American standard grade, JIS marked as SKS3, same chemical composition and mechanical performance.
A3: It adopts oil quenching mode with low cooling stress, matched with Mn-Cr-W alloy system which stabilizes martensite transformation, resulting in minimal dimensional shrinkage and warpage.
A4: After 800℃ oil quenching + 200℃ low tempering, the maximum stable hardness reaches 62 HRC.
Ready to source O1 Tool Steel for your next precision project? Our technical team can assist with material selection, heat treatment recommendations, and custom sizes.
